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Moving Exam 2 > Anatomy - Body Wall > Flashcards

Anatomy - Body Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebral formula for carnivores

A

C7 T13 L7 S3 Cd20

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2
Q

Vertebral formula for EQ

A

C7 T18 L6 S5 Cd15-21

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3
Q

Vertebral formula for cattle

A

C7 T13 L6 S5 CD18-20

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4
Q

Vertebral formula for sheep & goats

A

C7 T13 L6(7) S4 CD16-18

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5
Q

Vertebral foramina create what structure

A

Vertebral canal for the spinal cord

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6
Q

Purpose of intervertebral foramen

A

Exit/entrance points for spinal nerves to reach spinal cord/muscles

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7
Q

Difference between lateral vertebral foramina and intervertebral foramen

A

Intervertebral are created by spaces in between vertebra while lateral foramen are foramen located laterally on the vertebra

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8
Q

Muscle layers at withers

A

Trapezius
Rhomboideus
Dorsi scapular ligament (EQ only)

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9
Q

DSP are longest where

A

withers, T2-5

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10
Q

What number and species do the lumbar vertebra articulate

A

L5 & L6 Transverse processes articulate together, L6 TP articulate w the wings of sacrum

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11
Q

Boundaries of the paralumbar fossa

A

Dorsally - transverse process of L2-L5
Cranially - last rib
Caudoventrally - muscular ridge of internal abdominal oblique

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12
Q

Nuchal ligament

A

Funicular - dogs only, T1-C2
Lamellar sheet - absent in dogs
Present in sheep & ox - cranial part is paired, caudal part is unpaired

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13
Q

Bursae of nuchal ligament in horse

A

Between DSP & funicular part
Cranial nuchal bursa - dorsal to C1
Caudal nuchal bursa - dorsal to C2

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14
Q

Supraspinous bursa

A

Can get inflamed
Runs laterally = no friction

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15
Q

Nuchal lig in ruminants

A

Cranial part of the lamellar NL is paired, caudal = unpaired
No bursae

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16
Q

Fistulous withers

A

Signs of brucella, bulge of neck, inflammation of CNSL bursa =

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17
Q

Poll evil

A

Inflammation of cranial nuchal (Supra-atlantal) & caudal nuchal bursae

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18
Q

Common place of herniation in IVD

A

Protrusion/prolapse would occur laterally (place of least resistance)

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19
Q

What vertebra dont have an IVD

A

Between atlas and axis

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20
Q

IVDD

A

Can result in nucleus purposes herniated into spinal cord and ruptured annulus fibrosis
Herniation will impinge on spinal cord & can lead to spinal necrosis

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21
Q

Fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE)

A

Ischemic necrosis on spinal cord from subsequent herniation of IVD into spinal cord blood vessels also called necrotizing myelopathy, embolic myelopathy, fibrocartialgous infarct or ischemic myelopathy

22
Q

Quantity and names of ligaments that fix dens of axis

A

Apical ligament
Transverse ligament of atlas
2 alar ligaments (R&L) - between dense & foramen magnum

23
Q

Atlanto-axial subluxation

A

Due to dens movement, abnormality of dens or ligaments of dens
Congenital or acquired
Due to spinal cord compression from dorsally displaced dens

24
Q

Fascia of trunk contains

A

Superficial fascia
Deep fascia
Tunica flava abdominis

25
Fascia of trunk function
Passive support of viscera Covers surface of EAO of herbs Contributes to median lig of mammary gland in cow
26
Cutaneous muscles
Platysma - from nuchal lig towards mouth - in dog & pig 2 parts Cutaneous colli Cutaneous faciei
27
What species lacks the preputial muscle
Horses
28
Cutaneous colli muscle in horses
Well developed Clinically sig for intravenous injection/withdrawal
29
Clin sig of fold of flank
Skin fold near stifle joint Contains cutaneous trunci muscle - allows for active twitching of the fold in horses & cattle
30
What nerve supplies the cutaneous trunk
Lateral thoracic nerve
31
What muscle in lacks in neck of carnivores?
Omohyoideus muscle Separates the jug from the carotid sheath
32
Pinch reflex targets what muscle and nerve
Panniculus reflex Entering info between T1-L4 Cervical & T1 spinal segs To cutaneous trunci = twitch
33
Attachments of trapezius Parts Action Innervation
Dorsal midline & spine of scapula Cervical & thoracic Elevate & abduct the limb, cervical part draws limb cranially, thoracic part draws limb caudally Accessory nerve (5)
34
Rhomboideus Attachments Parts Action Innervation
Attachments :Lying under traps Dorsal midline of neck & cranial thoracic thorax Insert of medial dorsal border of scapula Parts: cervical & thoracic (capital in D&C only) Action: elevate scapula, adduct scapula against body Innervation: brachial plexus
35
Brachiocephalicus Attachment Action Innervation
Extends between brachium & head, subq Crosses shoulder joint, crosses cervical intervertebral joints Action: NWB - advance limb & extend shoulder jt WB - draw neck & head laterally Innervation: accessory & cervical spinal nerve
36
Brachiocephalicus splits into how many parts
2 Cleidocephalicus - going towards head Cleidobrachialus - going towards shoulder
37
Brachiocephalicus in cats
Divided into two parts by clavicle Cephalicus & Brachialis
38
Omotransversarius Attachment Action Innervation
Between wing of atlas & acromion of scapula Passes deep to celidocephalicus Superficial cervical lymph is deep to it Action: to draw limb cranially (NWB) Flex neck laterally (WB) Innervation Accessory nerve
39
Species variation of omotransversarius
EQ - fused w cleidocephalicus, not well developed RUM - in caudal portion of neck between trap & occipital portion of cleidocephalicus
40
Latissimus dorsi Attachment Action Innervation
Attachment: thoracolumbar fascia to teres major tub Action : draw limb caudally & flex shoulder jt WB - propel body forward Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
41
Serratus ventralis Attachment Action Innervation
Attachment: cervical & thoracic parts Action : sling for trunk & supports, part of stay apparatus Innervation: cervical - ventral cervical spinal nerve Thoracic part - long thoracic nerve
42
Rupture of serratus ventralis muscle
Trunk dropping ventrally, dorsal border of scapula protrudes under the skin
43
Superficial pectoral Attachment Action Innervation
SubQ over most of extent Attachment: two part muscle from sternum to humerus. cranial (descending) caudal (transverse) Action : adduction Innervation: brachial plexus (cranial pectoral nerve)
44
Benefits descending pectoral muscle or cranial superficial pectoral
Ideal for SubQ injections or IM injections in horses
45
Ideal location for sampling bone marrow
Sternal puncture at 1st sternebra Cephalic groove - location of vein could be ideal for iV sampling
46
Deep ascending pectoral Attachment Action Innervation
Called subclavius in horses Cranial part is covered by superficial pec, subQ for most extend Attachment: sternum to humerus Action: adduction Innervation: brachial plexus (cranial/caudal pectoral nerve)
47
Superficial thoracic vein
Spur vein Landmark separating cut trunci & ascending pectoral Can be used for catheter or IV Can be injured = hematoma
48
Subclavius Attachment Action Innervation
Attachment: extends from lateral cranial sternum to fascia of supraspinatus muscle Action: Innervation Unique to horse, small in ruminants
49
Intercostals responsible for inspiration
External intercostal muscles Runs caudoventrally
50
Intercostals responsible for expiratory
Internal intercostal muscles - runs cranioventrally

Moving Exam 2 (26 decks)

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