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Lower Limb > Muscles of Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Muscles of Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the superior boundaries of the gluteal region?

A

Iliac crest, greater trochanter, and anterior superior iliac spine

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2
Q

What is the inferior border of the gluteal region?

A

Gluteal fold

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3
Q

Which ligaments convert the greater and lesser sciatic notches into foramina?

A

Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments

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4
Q

What does the greater sciatic foramen form?

A

A passageway for structures entering or leaving the pelvis

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5
Q

What does the lesser sciatic foramen form?

A

A passageway for structures entering or leaving the perineum

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6
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus maximus?

A

Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum; and sacrotuberous ligament

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7
Q

Where does the gluteus maximus insert?

A

Most fibers into lateral condyle of tibia, some on gluteal tuberosity of femur

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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9
Q

What action does the gluteus maximun perform?

A

Extends hip joint between flexed and standing positions and assists in lateral rotation; steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position

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10
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus medius?

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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11
Q

Where does the gluteus medius insert?

A

Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the gluteus medius?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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13
Q

What action does the gluteus medius perform?

A

Abduct and anterior portions medially rotate hip joint; keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated

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14
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus minimis?

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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15
Q

Where does the gluteus minimis insert?

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the gluteus minims?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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17
Q

What action does the gluteus minimis perform?

A

Abduct and anterior portions medially rotate hip joint; keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated

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18
Q

What is the origin of the tensor fasciae latae?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine; anterior part of iliac crest

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19
Q

Where does the tensor fasciae latae insert?

A

Iliotibial tract, which attaches to the lateral condyle of tibia

20
Q

What is the innervation of the tensor fasciae latae?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

21
Q

What action does the tensor fasciae latae perform?

A

Flexes hip joint; acts with gluteus maximus to stabilize the extended knee joint

22
Q

What is the origin of the piriformis?

A

Anterior surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments; superior margin of greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligament

23
Q

Where does the piriformis insert?

A

Superior border of greater trochanter of femur

24
Q

What is the innervation of the piriformis?

A

Branches of anterior rami of S1, S2

25
Q

What action does the piriformis perform?

A

Laterally rotate extended hip joint; abduct flexed hip joint; steady femoral head in acetabulum (stabilizes hip joint)

26
Q

What is the origin of the obturator internus?

A

Pelvis surface of ilium and ischium; obturator membrane

27
Q

Where does the obterator internus insert?

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

28
Q

What is the innervation of the obterator internus?

A

Nerve to obterator internus (L5, S1)

29
Q

What action does the obterator internus perform?

A

Laterally rotate extended hip joint; abduct flexed hip joint; steady femoral head in acetabulum (stabilizes hip joint)

30
Q

What is the origin of the gemelli superior?

A

Ischial spine

31
Q

What is the origin of the gemelli inferior?

A

Ischial tuberosity

32
Q

Where do the gemelli superior and inferior insert?

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

33
Q

What is the innervation of the gemelli superior?

A

Nerve to obterator internus (L5, S1)

34
Q

What is the innervation of the gemelli inferior?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

35
Q

What action do the gemelli superior and inferior perform?

A

Laterally rotate extended hip joint; abduct flexed hip joint; steady femoral head in acetabulum (stabilizes hip joint)

36
Q

What is the origin of the quadrator femoris?

A

Lateral border of ischial tuberoisty

37
Q

Where does the quadrator femoris insert?

A

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it

38
Q

What is the innervation of the quadrator femoris?

A

Nerve to quadrator femoris (L5, S1)

39
Q

What action does the quadrator femoris perform?

A

Laterally rotates hip joint; also pulls femoral head into acetabulum to stabilize hip joint/pelvis

40
Q

What are the superficial layer of gluteal muscles?

A

Gluteus muscles and tensor fasciae latae

41
Q

What are the deep layer of gluteal muscles?

A

Piriformis, obturator internus, quadrator femoris, and superior and inferior gemelli

42
Q

What is the function of bursae?

A

To permit free movement and reduce friction

43
Q

What does the trochanteric bursa separate?

A

Separates deep aspect of gluteus maximus form greater trochanter of femur

44
Q

What does the ischial bursa separate?

A

Separates the inferior border of the gluteus maximus from the ischial tuberosity

45
Q

What does the glutofemoral bursa separate?

A

Separates the iliotibial tract from the superior part of the proximal attachment of the vastus lateralis

Lower Limb (17 decks)

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