Muscles

Question 1

What percentage of body weight does muscle account for?

Answer 1

40%

Question 2

What is a myofibril?

Answer 2

The contractile threads (basic rod-like organelle) of a muscle that extend from one end of muscle fibre to the other.

Question 3

What is a sarcomere?

Answer 3

The basic structural unit of a muscle, consisting of a dark and light bands and long fibrous proteins that slide past each other.

Question 4

What is the Hydrolysis Process?

Answer 4

Food eaten is synthesized into glucose, which mitochondria then convert to ATP.

Question 5

Interactions between actin and myosin filaments in sarcomeres are responsible for

Answer 5

Muscle contraction

Question 6

What is the strength of muscle contraction related too?

Answer 6

To the amount of muscle fibers activated.

Question 7

What is a twitch?

Answer 7

Sudden rapid stimulation of many fibers

Question 8

What is the primary role of muscle tissue/fibre?

Answer 8

Contraction

Question 9

What process is used to convert food molecules into ATP?

Answer 9

Hydrolysis process

Question 10

Without ____ , cells wouldn’t have the fuel or power to perform necessary functions

Answer 10

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 11

What 2 factors result in muscle fatigue?

Answer 11

Lack of nutrients and oxygen
Build up of product waste (lactic acid)

Question 12

In health what is the normal temperature range?

Answer 12

35.8-36.9 centigrade

Question 13

How many times can a muscle be stretched before rupturing?

Answer 13

3 times the contracted length

Question 14

Muscle Extensibility definition

Answer 14

The ability for a muscle to be stretched

Question 15

Muscle Excitability definition

Answer 15

The ability to respond to a stimulus from motor neurone or hormone

Question 16

Muscle contractility definition

Answer 16

Ability of a muscle to forcefully shorten

Question 17

Muscle elasticity definition

Answer 17

The ability for the muscle to recoil or bounce back to its original length after being stretched

Question 18

Opposite partners to prime movers

Answer 18

Antagonist

Question 19

The state of sustained partial contraction of a muscle

Answer 19

Muscle tone

Question 20

Properties of muscle tissue

Answer 20

Contractility
Excitability
Extensibility
Elasticity

Question 21

Location of skeletal muscle

Answer 21

Attached to the bone by tendons and skin

Question 22

Functions of skeletal muscle

Answer 22

Voluntary movements such as; locomotion, facial expressions and other body movements

Question 23

Skeletal muscle structure

Answer 23

Numerous nucleus placed away from centre
Striations present
Has blood vessels and nerves associated with it
Very long cylindrical cell shape
40mm – 35 cm mm in length
0.02 – 0.08mm in diameter

Question 24

Location of cardiac muscle

Answer 24

Only found in the wall of the heart (myocardium)

Question 25

Function of the cardiac muscle

Answer 25

Involuntary pumps blood and exhibits rhythmic contractions

Question 26

Structure of the cardiac muscle

Answer 26

Cylindrical and branched
Single, centrally located nucleus
Intercalated discs
Striations present but not clear

Question 27

Location of smooth muscle

Answer 27

Viscera
Walls of hollow organs, blood and lymphatic vessels, eyes, glands and skin

Question 28

Function of smooth muscle

Answer 28

Involuntary used for;
Opening and closing airways
Digestion
Urination

Question 29

Structure of smooth muscle

Answer 29

One centrally placed nucleus
Fusiform
Long and narrow spindle shaped
0.03mm-0.2mm in length
0.005-0.01mm in diameter

Question 30

What can alter the rate of muscle contractions under the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 30

Nerve impulses
Hormones
Chemicals

Question 31

What are the 3 main muscle groups?

Answer 31

Striated/Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth/Visceral muscle