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BMS > Intro To Microbiology > Flashcards

Intro To Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is microbiology?

A

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

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2
Q

True or False: Microorganisms are visible to the naked eye.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: Microbiology is the study of ________.

A

microorganisms

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4
Q

True or False: Microorganisms play a crucial role in nutrient recycling.

A

True

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5
Q

What is the importance of studying microbiology in the medical field?

A

Health
Disease
Infection control
Treatment/management and resistance
Clinical appearance
Medical connection
Local and global impact

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: Microorganisms are ________-celled organisms.

A

single

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7
Q

What is the size range of microorganisms?

A

Microorganisms range in size from a few micrometers to submicron levels.

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8
Q

True or False: Microorganisms are not present in extreme environments like hot springs.

A

False

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9
Q

What are extremophiles in microbiology?

A

Microorganisms that thrive in extreme environments; extreme temperatures salinity.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: Microorganisms are essential for maintaining the ________ of ecosystems.

A

balance

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11
Q

True or False: Microorganisms are not involved in the production of antibiotics.

A

False

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12
Q

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms?

A

Prokaryotic microorganisms lack a true nucleus, while eukaryotic microorganisms have a defined nucleus.

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13
Q

What is an acidophile?

A

Bacteria that thrive under highly acidic conditions, optimum pH level 3-4.

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14
Q

What is a neutrophile?

A

Bacteria that thrive under neutral conditions, optimum pH level 6-7.

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15
Q

What is an alkaliphile?

A

Bacteria that thrive under highly alkaline conditions, optimum pH level 9-10.

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16
Q

What Bacteria that grow best in very hot temperatures, optimum growth range 90-100 degrees?

A

Hyperthermophiles

17
Q

Microorganisms that grow best at low temperatures, optimum growth range 5-10 degrees.

A

Psychophiles

18
Q

Microorganisms that grow best at high temperatures, optimum growth range 60-70 degrees?

A

Thermophiles

19
Q

Microorganisms that grow best in moderate temperature, optimum growth range 30-45 degrees?

A

Mesophiles

20
Q

What is the structure of eukaryotes?

A

Large and complex
Clearly defined nucleus
Membrane bound organelles
Single or multi cellular

21
Q

What is the structure of prokaryotes?

A

Small and simple
Nucleoid with no membrane
Lacks internal membrane and organelles
Always unicellular

22
Q

How do microorganisms cause disease?

A

Entering the body, multiplying, and damaging cells

23
Q

Environmental microbial growth considerations?

A

Temperature
pH
Water
Light
Nutrition
Respiration

24
Q

What are the products of metabolism?

A

Metabolites

25
Q

Toxins produced and secreted by bacteria

A

Exotoxins

26
Q

Toxins released from outer cell wall when bacteria dies and wall breaks apart

A

Endotoxins

27
Q

What is the Incubation period?

A

The time between exposure to a pathogen and when symptoms first appear.

28
Q

What is the Prodromal period

A

Early stage of disease or infection when the first signs and symptoms appear but before more severe symptoms develop.

29
Q

Innocuous

A

Not harmful or offensive

30
Q

Virulence

A

Pathogens or microorganisms ability to cause damage to a host

31
Q

Environmental microbial growth considerations

A

Temperature
pH
Water
Light
Nutrition
Respirstion

32
Q

In what light conditions do microorganisms grow best in?

A

Darkness
UV light is lethal and can be used in some types of sterilisation.

33
Q

What are Mesophiles?

A

Grow best in moderate temperature, optimum growth range 30-45 degrees.

34
Q

What are Thermophiles?

A

Grow best at high temperatures, optimum growth range 60-70 degrees.

35
Q

What are Psychrophiles?

A

Grow best at low temperatures, optimum growth range 5-10 degrees.

36
Q

What are Hyperthermophiles?

A

Grow best in very hot temperatures, optimum growth range 90-100 degrees.

37
Q

What is an Acidophile?

A

Thrive best under highly acidic conditions, optimum pH level 3-4.

38
Q

What is a Neutrophile?

A

Thrives best under neutral conditions, optimum pH level 6-7.

39
Q

What is an Alkaliphile?

A

Thrive best under highly alkaline conditions, optimum pH level 9-10.

BMS (37 decks)

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