Intro To Immunology Flashcards
4 defensive barriers of the innate immune system
Anatomic (skin)
Physiologic (temperature, pH, chemical)
Phagocytic/endocytic (immune cells)
Inflammatory (recruitment of leukocytes)
2 lines of immune defense
Innate
Adaptive
Immunology
The study of how an organisms immune stystems protect them from disease.
Innate immunity
No immunological memory
Not antigen dependent
Non specific
Time - immediate/hours
Adaptive immunity
Antigen specific/dependent.
Memory capacity.
Time lag - days/weeks
What is the body’s first line of defence against infection and pathogens
Innate immune system
Primary organs of immune system
Bone marrow
Thymus
(Special immune system cells, Lymphocytes)
Secondary organs of immune system
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Tonsils
Various mucous membranes
(Within these organs, cells of immune system fight off foreign substances)
Apoptosis
Type of cell death
Programme cell death
Complement system
Part of innate immune system response in role of host defense and inflammation.
Eliminate/remove pathogens and damaged cells.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)
Type of white blood cell.
First line of defence in response to tissue injury, infection or inflammation.
Neutrophils, basophils, mast cells.
Phagocytosis
Process in which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle.
Phagocyte
Type of white blood cell capable of surrounding pathogen and engulfing it.
Microbe
Also known as microorganisms, organism of microscopic size, some are pathogenic and others for health.
(Bacteria, virus, fungi, Protozoa)
Antigen
Substance that can trigger an immune response in the body
(Bacteria, viruses, chemical, toxins, pollen)