Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHYSCI 111A > Muscle Module Discussion 1 Notes > Flashcards

Muscle Module Discussion 1 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

_____________ is the general function of muscle that that functions as a form of storage of sugar and high energy molecules

A

chemical energy storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

__________________ is a general function of muscle that allows us to produce force and use ATP

A

Transduction and conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the three types of muscle

A

voluntary striated, unvioluntary striated, involuntary unstraiated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Function and name of voluntary striated muscle

A

skeletal muscle

locamotion and posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Function and name of involuntary striated muscle

A

cardiac muscle

cardiac pump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Function and name of unstriated involuntary muscle

A

smooth muscle

digestion, visual accommodation, thermoregulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the structure of muscle

A

whole muscle -> muscle fiber -> myofibril -> sarcomere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the structural notes of a muscle fiber

A
  • indiviudal muscle cell
  • diameter 50 μm
  • length of whole muscle
  • multinucleate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the structural notes of a myofibril

A
  • contractile organelle
  • diameter 1μm
  • length whole muscle fiber
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the structural notes of a sarcomere

A
  • contractile unit
  • one sarcomere can contract and produce force on its own
  • length 2.1 μm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the connective tissue layers in muscle

A
  • Epimyseim: surrounds whole muscle
  • perimyseium: surrounds groups of muscle fibers
  • endomyseium: surrounds individual muscle fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the connective tissue of muscles primarily made of

A

collagen (elastic and strong)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_________ surrounds whole muscle

A

-Epimyseim:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

______________ surrounds groups of muscle fibers

A

perimyseim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

________________ surrounds individual muscle fibers

A

-endomyseium:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Structural units of a sarcomere:

A
  • Z disc
  • M line
  • A band
  • I band
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Structural units of a sarcomere:

___________ beginning and end of sarcomere. Archiores thin filament

A

Z disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Structural units of a sarcomere:

__________ is the midline of sarcomere

A

Midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Structural units of a sarcomere:

__________________ region containing only thick myfilaments

A

A band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Structural units of a sarcomere:

_________________ region containing only thin filaments

A

I band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

_____________ are what contain contractile proteins in sarcomere

A

myofilaments

22
Q

Length of filaments:

A

thick filament: length 1.6 μm

thin filament length 1.0 μm

23
Q

what were experimenters unsure was due to________________

A

shortening of thin filaments or sliding filaments

24
Q

An experimenter was done to understand how muscle contraction works

A
  • stimulate the muscle to contract
  • measured force generated by the muscle
  • Increase in the length of the muscle
25
Q

Sliding filament hypothesis:

Overall change in length during contraction

A
  • muscle fiber, myofibral, sarcomere gets shorter

- filament do not change, they overlap

26
Q

____________________ are structural connections between thick and thin filaments. Thought to be motors producing force during contraction

A

structural connections

27
Q

Thin filaments are made of

A
  • G action
  • Trpomyosin
  • ttroponin Complex
28
Q

In thin filaments:
______________:
-Is globular
-forms an alpha helical polymer
-7G actin make up one turn of the alpha helix
-a polymer associated to make a double strand of F actin

A

G actin

29
Q

How many G actin make up one turn of the alpha helix

A

7 G actin

30
Q 
In thin filaments: 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 
-Is long and helical 
-7 G actin long 
-associated with F actin
A

Tropomyosin

31
Q

In thin filaments:
______________
-50 long
-spherical

A

Troponin Complex

32
Q

What make a thick filament?

A
  • Myosin heavy chain

- myosin light chain

33
Q 
In thick filaments?: 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_: 
-head of ATP 
-Tail of alpha helix 
-form dimers
A

myosin heavy chains

34
Q

In thick filaments?:
______________________
-self autonomous (assemble by themselves)
-staggered one after another
-antiparallel on either side of each other fragmenting in either direction

A

myosin light chains

35
Q

_____________ where the thick filament myosin head is attached to thin filament G actin

A

cross bridge

36
Q

Purpose of cross bridge cycle is to _____________ with ______________

A

cause a force production

with ATP and CA2+

37
Q

In the cross bridge cycle:
during the _________________
-low Ca levels, myosin heavy chain head is relaxed, and ATP is hydrolyzed
-cross bridge is not formed

A

relaxed state

38
Q

what is the first step of the cross bridge cycle

A
  1. an increase in intracellular Ca2+
39
Q

How are cross bridge formed

A
  • myosin heavy chain head binds to thin filament

- ATP is still hydrolyzed in form of ADP and P

40
Q

What is the power stroke aka tiger state

A
  • realse of ADP and P which causes conformational changes in the MHC head
  • MHC head remains bound but changes its angle at hinge region
41
Q

what happens in the cross bridge cycle after the power stroke

A
  • release of head from thin strand
  • ATP binds to MHC
  • MHC dissociated from thin filaments still at angle
42
Q

What is the final step of the cross bridge cycle

A

hydrolysis of ATP

-this causes MHC head to be relaxed again and go back to relaxed state

43
Q

one cross bridge cycle is an unload in muscle that takes _________________

A

50 msecs

44
Q

MHC head ____________ on each half of sarcomere

A

moves 10nm

45
Q

Power streak causes __________________ and ___________________

A
  • moves Z disc toward M line

- causes 20 nm total per sarcomere

46
Q

efficency is ______________ of chemical energy is transduced Into mechanical energy

A

45% of energy

47
Q

_____________ is the hydrolysis of ATP breaking its phosphate bond

A

chemical energy

48
Q

Where is the chemical energy stored ____________

A

MHC head

49
Q

what happens to the chemical energy

A

it is released as mechanical energy when the MHC head moves

50
Q

what happens to chemical energy

A

55% is lost as heat aka thermoregulation

PHYSCI 111A (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions