Muscle Module 8

Question 1

________________ released by autonomic stimulation into circulation, then some will make it to smooth muscle membrane. It will bind to the alpha adrenaline receptor causing it to interact with G protein and activate the enzyme phospholipase G and active the enzyme phospholipase G

Answer 1

adrenaline or epinephrin

Question 2

We divide skeletal muscle based on

Answer 2

whether it is fast or slower myosin or whar pathway it would use

Question 3

All smooth muscle cells are __________________, instead we divide by ________________

Answer 3

oxidative phosphorylation

divided based on basic or tonic contraction

Question 4

What 4 things regulate systolic Ca in smooth muscle

Answer 4

1. voltage gated CA 2+ channels (including DHP receptors)
2. Ligand gated Ca2+ channel
3. Sarcoplasmic reticulum SR Ca release
4. Ca pump proteins

Question 5

__________- these contribute to action potentials and graded potentials

Answer 5

voltage gated Ca 2+ channels

Question 6

______________ P2x receptor, ATP receptor, endothelial cells in the walls of hallow organs can help regulate calcium flux

Answer 6

ligand gated CA

Question 7

________ is the RY receptor. Ca induced Ca release. IP3 receptor activated by the second messenger

Answer 7

sarcoplasmic reti uclum

Question 8

__________ allows variation in calcium concentration is dependent on force production

Answer 8

adrenaline process

Question 9

Important notes of the adrenaline process

Answer 9

• very slow
• allows a graded response
• tonic muscle contraction
• Is calcium dependent

Question 10

There is no ______________ in smooth muscle

Answer 10

troponin complex

Question 11

Skeletal vs smooth muscle contractions:

Initiation

Answer 11

Skeletal: neuron stimulation at NMJ
Smooth: Neural factors and circulating factor and gap junction

Question 12

Skeletal vs smooth muscle contractions:

propagation

Answer 12

Skeletal: all or none/ AP
Smooth: graded or AP

Question 13

Skeletal vs smooth muscle contractions:

Ca 2 source

Answer 13

Skeletal: sarcoplasmic reticulum
Smooth: extra and intracellular linkage

Question 14

Skeletal vs smooth muscle contractions:

Ca release

Answer 14

Skeletal: DHR receptor and RYR receptor
Smooth: voltage gate Ca chain, ligand gated Ca, 2* messenger

Question 15

Skeletal vs smooth muscle contractions:

regulation of cross bridges

Answer 15

Skeletal: TnC
Smooth: MLC phosphorylation