Multi Atom Molecules Flashcards
Relationship between bond order, bond length, and bond energy
higher bond order = smaller bond length = larger bond energy
Lewis Structure
a diagram that represents atomic nuclei and core electrons by chemical symbols and valence electrons at dots or lines
Bond pair
a pair of electron dots shared between 2 adjacent atoms
Lone pair
pairs of dots associated with individual atoms
Octet rule
atoms of main group elements tend to lose, gain, or share enough electrons to form an octet
Rules of octet rule
Only 3rd period and beyond elements can exceed the octet rule
Double bond
2 pairs of electrons being shared between 2 atoms
Triple bond
3 pairs of electrons being shared between 2 atoms
Formal charge
charge an atom would have electron density were shared equally between the atoms
Equation for formal charge
FC = VE - (#lone pairs + .5(#bond pairs))
Rules for ranking formal charge
all atoms with a FC of 0 is preferable; fewer atoms with nonzero FC and smaller magnitude; FC not at adjacent atoms with same sign; negative FC on electronegative atoms
Free radical
a molecule with at least 1 unpaired electron
Hypervalant molecules
molecules with more than an octet around a central atom
