Mucosal Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Regulates intestinal epithelial cell positioning and differentiation

A

Wnt Signaling

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2
Q

Determines cell lineage specification in the intestine

A

Notch Signaling

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3
Q

Mucosal microbiota, outer mucus layer, inner mucus layer, paneth cells, and goblet cells are elements of

A

Mucosal immunity

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4
Q

Produce secreted gel-forming mucin glycoproteins and RELM-B

A

Goblet cells

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5
Q

Produce antimicrobial peptides, lectins, and cytokines

A

Paneth cells

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6
Q

A highly hydrated, viscous secretion with a complex macromolecular constituency

A

Mucus

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7
Q

The major contributors to mucin viscosity are

A

Polymeric mucin glycoproteins

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8
Q

Permeable to macromolecules, while serving as a barrier to undesirable elements

A

Mucin

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9
Q

What are the three types of intercellular junctions?

A

Tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes

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10
Q

Transmembrane protein located at the lateral surface of epithelial cells

A

Tight junctions

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11
Q

What are two examples of tight junctions?

A

Claudins and occludins

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12
Q

What is an example of an adherens junction?

A

Cadherins

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13
Q

Chemotactic for neutrophilsm onocytes, mast cells, and T cells

A

Cathelicidins

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14
Q

Cathelicidins induce degranulation by

A

Mast cells

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15
Q

Alters transcriptional responses in macrophages

A

Cathelicidins

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16
Q

What are two antimicrobial peptides?

A

Cathelicidins and defensins

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17
Q

Microbicidal against bacteria, fungi, spirochetes, protozoa, and viruses

A

Defensins

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18
Q

Defensins are present in

A

Neutrophils

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19
Q

Nonspecialized epithelial cells display remarkable

A

Plasticity

20
Q

The secretory phenotype of mucosal epithelial lineage can be modified by

A

Infection or inflammation

21
Q

Small mononuclear cells interspersed between epithelial cells

A

Intraepithelial lymphocytes

22
Q

Intraepithelial lymphocytes are mostly

A

CD4(-)/CD8(-) or CD4(-)/CD8(+) cells

23
Q

Intraepithelial lymphocytes express

A

NK cell receptors

24
Q

Intraepithelial lymphocytes express integrin to interact with

A

E-cadherin on epithelial cells

25
T-cells in the lamina propria are predominantly
CD4 cells
26
Receive signaling from epithelial cells, IELs, stromal cells, and integrin receptors
Lamina propria T cells
27
Present in tears, nasal secretion, saliva, intestinal juice, and breast milk
Antibodies
28
These antibodies are produced by mucosal plasma cells or plasmablasts in the
Lamina propria
29
What are the dominant mucosal immunoglobins?
IgA and IgM
30
Epithelial transcytosis of secretory immunoglobin is mediated by
Polymeric immunoglobin receptors (pIgR)
31
sIgA and sIgM anchors to mucin and provides immunological barriers against
Infection
32
Immature DCs capture, process, and present antigens in the context of
MHC
33
Upon stimulation, DC undergo maturation, elongate dendrite, increase antigen presentation, and enhance
Co-stimulatory molecules
34
Migrate from nonlymphoid tissue to T cell zone of draining lymph nodes
Dendritic Cells (DCs)
35
Migrate to the draining lymph nodes and induce peripheral tolerance via antigen-specific T cell deletion
Immature DCs
36
Drive the Treg cells that are involved in tolerance to soluble oral antigens and commensal bacteria
Intestinals DCs
37
Intestinal DCs provide signals for the differentiation of
IgA producing B cells
38
Continuously populate the uninflamed healthy intestinal mucosa
Macrophages
39
Has lysozymes and cathepsins that rapidly degrade antigens -lacks dendrite
Macrophage
40
Mucosal pathogens induce rapid and acquired immune responses that eliminate the
Pathogen
41
Mediates the cross-talk between the luminal flora and the mucosal immune system
Follicle-Associated Epithelium (FAE)
42
Deliver antigens to specialied dendritic cells
M cells
43
Lymphocytes are then activated by specialized DCs and acquire the gut homing receptors
CCR9 and a4B7
44
These lymphocytes then pass to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) where they down regulate the systemic homing receptor
L-selectin
45
Cells then pass into the blood stream via the thoracic duct and travel to the mucosa where they carry out their final effector functions in the
Lamina propria and Intraepithelial (IEL) layer
46
Aggregates of genes found in the microbiome that can be organized into functional metabolic repertoires
Metagenome