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Immunity > Mucosal Immunity > Flashcards

Mucosal Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Regulates intestinal epithelial cell positioning and differentiation

A

Wnt Signaling

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2
Q

Determines cell lineage specification in the intestine

A

Notch Signaling

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3
Q

Mucosal microbiota, outer mucus layer, inner mucus layer, paneth cells, and goblet cells are elements of

A

Mucosal immunity

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4
Q

Produce secreted gel-forming mucin glycoproteins and RELM-B

A

Goblet cells

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5
Q

Produce antimicrobial peptides, lectins, and cytokines

A

Paneth cells

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6
Q

A highly hydrated, viscous secretion with a complex macromolecular constituency

A

Mucus

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7
Q

The major contributors to mucin viscosity are

A

Polymeric mucin glycoproteins

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8
Q

Permeable to macromolecules, while serving as a barrier to undesirable elements

A

Mucin

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9
Q

What are the three types of intercellular junctions?

A

Tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes

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10
Q

Transmembrane protein located at the lateral surface of epithelial cells

A

Tight junctions

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11
Q

What are two examples of tight junctions?

A

Claudins and occludins

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12
Q

What is an example of an adherens junction?

A

Cadherins

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13
Q

Chemotactic for neutrophilsm onocytes, mast cells, and T cells

A

Cathelicidins

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14
Q

Cathelicidins induce degranulation by

A

Mast cells

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15
Q

Alters transcriptional responses in macrophages

A

Cathelicidins

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16
Q

What are two antimicrobial peptides?

A

Cathelicidins and defensins

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17
Q

Microbicidal against bacteria, fungi, spirochetes, protozoa, and viruses

A

Defensins

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18
Q

Defensins are present in

A

Neutrophils

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19
Q

Nonspecialized epithelial cells display remarkable

A

Plasticity

20
Q

The secretory phenotype of mucosal epithelial lineage can be modified by

A

Infection or inflammation

21
Q

Small mononuclear cells interspersed between epithelial cells

A

Intraepithelial lymphocytes

22
Q

Intraepithelial lymphocytes are mostly

A

CD4(-)/CD8(-) or CD4(-)/CD8(+) cells

23
Q

Intraepithelial lymphocytes express

A

NK cell receptors

24
Q

Intraepithelial lymphocytes express integrin to interact with

A

E-cadherin on epithelial cells

25
Q

T-cells in the lamina propria are predominantly

A

CD4 cells

26
Q

Receive signaling from epithelial cells, IELs, stromal cells, and integrin receptors

A

Lamina propria T cells

27
Q

Present in tears, nasal secretion, saliva, intestinal juice, and breast milk

A

Antibodies

28
Q

These antibodies are produced by mucosal plasma cells or plasmablasts in the

A

Lamina propria

29
Q

What are the dominant mucosal immunoglobins?

A

IgA and IgM

30
Q

Epithelial transcytosis of secretory immunoglobin is mediated by

A

Polymeric immunoglobin receptors (pIgR)

31
Q

sIgA and sIgM anchors to mucin and provides immunological barriers against

A

Infection

32
Q

Immature DCs capture, process, and present antigens in the context of

A

MHC

33
Q

Upon stimulation, DC undergo maturation, elongate dendrite, increase antigen presentation, and enhance

A

Co-stimulatory molecules

34
Q

Migrate from nonlymphoid tissue to T cell zone of draining lymph nodes

A

Dendritic Cells (DCs)

35
Q

Migrate to the draining lymph nodes and induce peripheral tolerance via antigen-specific T cell deletion

A

Immature DCs

36
Q

Drive the Treg cells that are involved in tolerance to soluble oral antigens and commensal bacteria

A

Intestinals DCs

37
Q

Intestinal DCs provide signals for the differentiation of

A

IgA producing B cells

38
Q

Continuously populate the uninflamed healthy intestinal mucosa

A

Macrophages

39
Q

Has lysozymes and cathepsins that rapidly degrade antigens

-lacks dendrite

A

Macrophage

40
Q

Mucosal pathogens induce rapid and acquired immune responses that eliminate the

A

Pathogen

41
Q

Mediates the cross-talk between the luminal flora and the mucosal immune system

A

Follicle-Associated Epithelium (FAE)

42
Q

Deliver antigens to specialied dendritic cells

A

M cells

43
Q

Lymphocytes are then activated by specialized DCs and acquire the gut homing receptors

A

CCR9 and a4B7

44
Q

These lymphocytes then pass to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) where they down regulate the systemic homing receptor

A

L-selectin

45
Q

Cells then pass into the blood stream via the thoracic duct and travel to the mucosa where they carry out their final effector functions in the

A

Lamina propria and Intraepithelial (IEL) layer

46
Q

Aggregates of genes found in the microbiome that can be organized into functional metabolic repertoires

A

Metagenome

Immunity (33 decks)

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