Mucosal Immunity

Question 1

Regulates intestinal epithelial cell positioning and differentiation

Answer 1

Wnt Signaling

Question 2

Determines cell lineage specification in the intestine

Answer 2

Notch Signaling

Question 3

Mucosal microbiota, outer mucus layer, inner mucus layer, paneth cells, and goblet cells are elements of

Answer 3

Mucosal immunity

Question 4

Produce secreted gel-forming mucin glycoproteins and RELM-B

Answer 4

Goblet cells

Question 5

Produce antimicrobial peptides, lectins, and cytokines

Answer 5

Paneth cells

Question 6

A highly hydrated, viscous secretion with a complex macromolecular constituency

Answer 6

Mucus

Question 7

The major contributors to mucin viscosity are

Answer 7

Polymeric mucin glycoproteins

Question 8

Permeable to macromolecules, while serving as a barrier to undesirable elements

Answer 8

Mucin

Question 9

What are the three types of intercellular junctions?

Answer 9

Tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes

Question 10

Transmembrane protein located at the lateral surface of epithelial cells

Answer 10

Tight junctions

Question 11

What are two examples of tight junctions?

Answer 11

Claudins and occludins

Question 12

What is an example of an adherens junction?

Answer 12

Cadherins

Question 13

Chemotactic for neutrophilsm onocytes, mast cells, and T cells

Answer 13

Cathelicidins

Question 14

Cathelicidins induce degranulation by

Answer 14

Mast cells

Question 15

Alters transcriptional responses in macrophages

Answer 15

Cathelicidins

Question 16

What are two antimicrobial peptides?

Answer 16

Cathelicidins and defensins

Question 17

Microbicidal against bacteria, fungi, spirochetes, protozoa, and viruses

Answer 17

Defensins

Question 18

Defensins are present in

Answer 18

Neutrophils

Question 19

Nonspecialized epithelial cells display remarkable

Answer 19

Plasticity

Question 20

The secretory phenotype of mucosal epithelial lineage can be modified by

Answer 20

Infection or inflammation

Question 21

Small mononuclear cells interspersed between epithelial cells

Answer 21

Intraepithelial lymphocytes

Question 22

Intraepithelial lymphocytes are mostly

Answer 22

CD4(-)/CD8(-) or CD4(-)/CD8(+) cells

Question 23

Intraepithelial lymphocytes express

Answer 23

NK cell receptors

Question 24

Intraepithelial lymphocytes express integrin to interact with

Answer 24

E-cadherin on epithelial cells

Question 25

T-cells in the lamina propria are predominantly

Answer 25

CD4 cells

Question 26

Receive signaling from epithelial cells, IELs, stromal cells, and integrin receptors

Answer 26

Lamina propria T cells

Question 27

Present in tears, nasal secretion, saliva, intestinal juice, and breast milk

Answer 27

Antibodies

Question 28

These antibodies are produced by mucosal plasma cells or plasmablasts in the

Answer 28

Lamina propria

Question 29

What are the dominant mucosal immunoglobins?

Answer 29

IgA and IgM

Question 30

Epithelial transcytosis of secretory immunoglobin is mediated by

Answer 30

Polymeric immunoglobin receptors (pIgR)

Question 31

sIgA and sIgM anchors to mucin and provides immunological barriers against

Answer 31

Infection

Question 32

Immature DCs capture, process, and present antigens in the context of

Answer 32

MHC

Question 33

Upon stimulation, DC undergo maturation, elongate dendrite, increase antigen presentation, and enhance

Answer 33

Co-stimulatory molecules

Question 34

Migrate from nonlymphoid tissue to T cell zone of draining lymph nodes

Answer 34

Dendritic Cells (DCs)

Question 35

Migrate to the draining lymph nodes and induce peripheral tolerance via antigen-specific T cell deletion

Answer 35

Immature DCs

Question 36

Drive the Treg cells that are involved in tolerance to soluble oral antigens and commensal bacteria

Answer 36

Intestinals DCs

Question 37

Intestinal DCs provide signals for the differentiation of

Answer 37

IgA producing B cells

Question 38

Continuously populate the uninflamed healthy intestinal mucosa

Answer 38

Macrophages

Question 39

Has lysozymes and cathepsins that rapidly degrade antigens -lacks dendrite

Answer 39

Macrophage

Question 40

Mucosal pathogens induce rapid and acquired immune responses that eliminate the

Answer 40

Pathogen

Question 41

Mediates the cross-talk between the luminal flora and the mucosal immune system

Answer 41

Follicle-Associated Epithelium (FAE)

Question 42

Deliver antigens to specialied dendritic cells

Answer 42

M cells

Question 43

Lymphocytes are then activated by specialized DCs and acquire the gut homing receptors

Answer 43

CCR9 and a4B7

Question 44

These lymphocytes then pass to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) where they down regulate the systemic homing receptor

Answer 44

L-selectin

Question 45

Cells then pass into the blood stream via the thoracic duct and travel to the mucosa where they carry out their final effector functions in the

Answer 45

Lamina propria and Intraepithelial (IEL) layer

Question 46

Aggregates of genes found in the microbiome that can be organized into functional metabolic repertoires

Answer 46

Metagenome