Mucosal Immunity

Question 1

what factors are important in establishing tolerogenic mucosal DCs? (3)

Answer 1

retinoic acid, TSLP, TGFbeta

Question 2

“gut-homing” traffic signals

Answer 2

CCR9, MadCAM, CCL25

Question 3

what factors are important in T-dependent class-switching to IgA? T-independent? what cells are these from?

Answer 3

T-dependent: TGFbeta
T-independent: TGFbeta and retinoic acid
DCs

Question 4

compare the “second signal” for TCR and BCR

Answer 4

TCR: co-stimulatory molecule (i.e., CD28)
BCR: complement receptor or TLR

Question 5

T cells in the gut are skewed to what 2 types? what are the respective roles?

Answer 5

Th17: predominant cell-mediated immune response

regulatory T cells: non-responsiveness to food and microbiota

Question 6

type I hypersensitivity: what is it called, what is the pathological immune mechanism, and what is the mechanism of tissue injury and disease?

Answer 6

immediate
IgE
mast cell and eosinophils, vasoactive amines (histamine), cytokines

Question 7

type IV hypersensitivity: what is it called, what is the pathological immune mechanism, and what is the mechanism of tissue injury and disease?

Answer 7

cell mediated
T cells
CD4 (Th1, Th17): macrophage activation, inflammation

Question 8

mechanisms in which mutations in MHC may contribute to autoimmune disease (2)

Answer 8

1. inefficient in displaying self-antigens

2. poorly stimulate regulatory T cells

Question 9

celiac disease: antibodies to what? (3) which is diagnostic?

Answer 9

tissue transglutaminase, endomysium, gliadin peptide; tissue transglutaminase is diagnostic

Question 10

celiac disease is what type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 10

type IV (cell-mediated)

Question 11

Crohn disease is ____-mediated and UC is ____-mediated (types of T cells)

Answer 11

Th1; Th2

Question 12

in food allergies, what cytokine drives naive B cells to become IgE-producing plasma cells?

Answer 12

IL4