MT 4 Middle East Review Flashcards
oil, petroleum
Black Gold
not replaceable
ex. oil and fresh water
nonrenewable resource
the average income of the people in a country
GDP per capita
electricity that is generated from the power of moving water
hydroelectric power
the raising of livestock for food by moving herds from place to place to find pastures and water
nomadic herding
the belief that there is only one God
monotheism
the dominant religion
Islam
holiest city in Saudi Arabia, Islams face towards it during prayer
Mecca
the prophet or leader of Islams
Mohammed
a system that allows for the year-round watering for crops
perennial irrigation
a place of worship for muslims
mosque
the process by which land becomes more and more dry until it turns into desert. Caused by climate change, human activities, or both
desertification
the holy book of Islam
Qur’an
Muslims believe he was an important prophet
Jesus
Holy Book: Torah
Prophet/leader: Abraham
Name of the people: Jews
Judaism
Islamic God
Allah
an unusually long period in which little or no rain falls
drought
Holy Book: Bible
Prophet/leader: Jesus
Name of People: Christians
Christianity
land that is not well suited for growing crops
marginal land
Holy Book: Qur’an
Prophet/leader: Muhammed
Name of People: Muslims
Islam
a low dry valley
wadi
an artificial lake where water is stored
reservoir
an isolated spot in a desert where water is found
oasis
a series of rapids and low waterfalls on a river
cataract
Why are rivers so vital and important to the people of the Middle East?
It’s important because there is hardly any water or precipitation.
How do the Tuareg adapt to desert life?
-When a pasture is exhausted they move their animals to a fresh grazing area
-wear blue clothing
-when they get lost in the desert they use the stars to navigate
What are the three types of desert surfaces
ergs, regs, and hamada
high rock-covered flatland
Hamada
a great sea of sand with tall sand dunes
ergs
a gravel-covered desert plain
regs
What is the most important natural resource in the Middle East?
oil
dry or lacking rainfall, less than 10in of rain
Aird
between Israel and Jordan, 1300 ft below sea level and is the lowest place on earth, 9x saltier than the ocean, too salty nothing can live
Dead Sea
Where do most people in the Middle East and North Africa live? Why?
Egypt, it is less expensive to live there
Why are Arab nations opposed to the creation of Israel?
They were opposed because they thought it was an act of aggression towards the Palestine
Why is pastoralism common in the Sahel areas of North Africa?
as an adaptation to the rapidly changing and increasingly unpredictable arid climate
How have humans contributed to the Sahara’s growth?
They have been over grazing, and cutting down trees which is causing deforestation
What is the capital of Morocco?
Rabat
What is the capital of Libya?
Tripoli
What is the capital of Tunisia?
Tunis
What is the capital of Algeria?
Algiers
What is the capital of Egypt?
Cairo
