MSS Week 1 Flashcards
What are the three functions of the nervous system?
1) Collecting Information: Sensory neurons in the PNS will sense changes in the internal and external environment and passes it to the CNS
2) Integrating Information: CNS will decide if there needs to be a response
3) Responding Information: Motor Neuron will carry the impulse to the effector to respond to the changes in the body’s environment
What is the structural organization of the nervous system?
CNS
Explain the functional organization of the peripheral nervous system
Sensory (Afferent) Division: Somatic Sensory and Visceral Sensory
Motor (Efferent) Division: Somatic Nervous System and Autonomic Nervous System
What are the major regions of the brain and what are their function?
Cerebrum: largest part of your brain that controls your higher functions such as thinking, memory, speaking
Diencephalon: gathering sensory information and putting it in certain places, relay sensory information between brain regions and controls many autonomic functions of peripheral nervous system
Brainstem: Controls your basic body functions, consist of your midbrain, pons, medulla
Cerebellum: plays an important role in movement, balance and posture
What are the four lobes of the cerebrum and state the function of each?
Frontal Lobe: speech and voluntary control
Temporal Lobe: Hearing
Parietal Love: Sensory information
Occipital Lobe: vision
Insula Lobe: involved in consciousness and emotional memory formation
Define the spinal cord and state it’s two main purposes
Definition: link between the brain and body
1) Causes that quick reaction
2) Pathway for sensory and motor impulses
Name all three plexus
A) Cervical Plexus
B) Branchial Plexus
C) Lumbar Plexus
A) C1 - C4
B) C5 - C8, T1
C) L1 - L4, T12
What are the Cranial Nerves we have learned? What are their main purpose?
A) CN V (fifth nerve)
B) CN VI (seventh nerve)
C) CN X (without those we will be dead) (tenth nerve)
D) CN XI (eleventh nerve)
E) CN XII (twelfth nerve)
A) Trigeminal Nerve: sensory and motor functions
B) Facial Nerve: muscles of the face
C) Vagus Nerve: Heart and lungs
D) Accessory Nerve: Trapezius and Sternocleidomastoid
E) Hypoglossal Nerve: muscles of the tongue
What is the difference between Gyri and Sulci?
Gyri: folds of the brain
Sulci: the gaps between them
They both increase the surface area of the cerebral cortex, packing multiple neurons
Define each
A) Arachnoid Space
B) Dura Mater
C) Pia Meter
Arachnoid space: contains CSF for protection and nutrient exchange
Dura Mater: Contains veins and arteries and is the closet to the skull
Pia Meter: Closest to the brain and contains CSF
Define each of the following
A) Dorsal Horn
B) Lateral Horn
C) Ventral Horn
D) Central Canal
A) Dorsal Horn: Somatosensory/Visceral Information
B) Lateral Horn: Automatic Motor Neurons
C) Ventral Horn: Somatic Motor Neurons
D) Central Canal: Protective Function and Nutrient Transport
Where are the cell bodies of sensory neurons founded and why are they surrounded by satellite cells?
The cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in the dorsal root ganglion
Satellite cells create a protective barrier
