EH2 Week 1

Question 1

What are the three main factors that shape Australia’s population?

Answer 1

1) Births
2) Deaths
3) Migration

Question 2

Define Total Fertility Rate and how many children does a women need to reproduce?

Answer 2

Definition: number of children that a women in a population will likely have in her reproductive life

2.1

Question 3

Define Infant Mortality Rate

Answer 3

Number of infants that die before the age of one per 1000 live births in a given year

Question 4

What are three leading causes of infant mortality?

I Pick Cars

Answer 4

1) Perinatal causes
2) Congenital abnormalities
3) Ill-defined conditions

Question 5

Explain three types of Population Pyramids

Stop Cracking Eggs

Answer 5

1) Expanding
2) Stable
3) Contracting

Question 6

What are the five stages of Epidemiological Transition Theory? Define them all.

PF RP DMm DL RE

Answer 6

Stage 1 (Age of Pestilence and Famine)
 High Mortality rates due to Infectious diseases and war and famine
 Low standard of living, poor hygiene and no access to effective healthcare are the causes

Stage 2 (Age of Receding Pandemics) 
	Mortality rates start to decline due to improved nutrition, sanitation and medical care 

Stage 3 (Age of Degenerative and Man-made Diseases)
 Increase in life expectancy
 Increase in diseases among the elderly
 Life style choice may contribute to the increases of diseases

Stage 4 (Age of Delayed Degenerative Diseases) 
	Delay death in those with chronic diseases 

Stage 5 (Age of Emergent and Re-emergent Infections) 
	Both old and new infectious diseases have resurfaced

Question 7

State the four stages of demographic transitional model

Answer 7

Stage 1 (Pre-Industrialisation): High death rates and birth rates, slow population growth

Stage 2 (Urbanising/Industrialisation): Birth rates, remain high, death rates decrease and the population rises quickly

Stage 3 (Mature Industrialisation): Birth rate starts to decreases, death rates stabilizes, and the population still increases

Stage 4 (Post Industrial): Both birth and death rates are low, population stabilizes

Question 8

What does the X-axis and Y-axis represent?

Answer 8

X-axis: % of the total population, male and female distribution

Y-axis: population divided into age groups

Question 9

Name examples of

A) Re-emergent infectious diseases PRT
B) Emergent infectious diseases EAG

Answer 9

A) Pertussis, Rubeola, Tuberculosis

B) Ebola, Legionnaire disease, AIDS, gastric ulcers

Question 10

Define the Dependency Ratio

Answer 10

The number of dependents aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65 to the total population

Question 11

What are the five leading causes of death and disease in men? Can Lucas Drive to get Chicken Pieces?

Answer 11

1. Coronary Heart Disease
2. Lung Cancer
3. Dementia
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
5. Prostate cancer

Question 12

What are the five leading causes of death and disease in women?

Did the Class Study the Corpus Lutuem?

Answer 12

1. Dementia
2. Coronary Heart Disease
3. Stroke
4. Chronic Lower respiratory Diseases
5. Lung Cancer

Question 13

Explain the double burden of disease

Answer 13

the high prevalence of both infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases in certain populations such as the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations.

There is a causative relationship between infections and chronic disease.