Male Reproductive System Flashcards
Explain and Describe The Testes
P PR T
Process of spermatogenesis occurs
Primary Reproduction, produces gonads and sex organs
Needs to kept at a lower temperature (4-6 C)
Describe each of the following cells in the Testes
A) Interstitial (Leydig) cells
B) Sustentacular (Sertoli) cells
C) Spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid
D) Myoid cells
A) produces testosterone
B) support spermatogenesis, maintains the blood testes barrier
C) form sperm
D) contract to move sperm and fluid through tubules
What are the three types of accessory glands
Send me a Proper Bulb
1) Seminal Vesicles: providing energy source, contracts during ejaculation, secrete yellow viscous alkaline fluid containing fructose, ascorbic acid, coagulating enzymes
2) Prostate: contracts during ejaculation causing secretions to enter the urethra, secretes milky acidic fluid containing citrate, several enzymes and prostate specific antigen
3) Bulbourethral Glands: secretes a thick clear alkaline mucus, neutralizes urine before ejaculation due to the fact it has an acidic pH which can stop the motility of the sperm
Differentiate between spermiogenesis and spermiation
Spermiogenesis: cytoplasmic remodelling of the spermatid
Spermiation: When fully differentiated, spermatoza is released into the lumen of seminiferous tubule
Describe Spermatid Differentiation in five steps
GADE M
1) Golgi forms acrosomal vesicle
2) Acrosomal vesicle spreads over the nucleus
3) Distal centriole forms the early flagellum
4) Elongation of the nucleus and cytoplasm, starts to condense
5) Mitochondria forms the midpiece, cytoplasm is shed, needs ATP to swim, the tail develops further
Describe of the hormones that stimulate Spermatogenesis
A) GnRH B) FSH C) LH D) ABP E) Testosterone F) Inhibin
A) Stimulates FSH and LH
B) Supports the facilitation of spermatogenesis, acts on Sertoli Cells which will produce ABP
C) Acts on interstitial cells, produces testosterone
D) produced from Sertoli, sequesters T to site of spermatogenesis
E) Initiation of spermatogenesis, stimulates primary (testes growth) and secondary (deep voice, chest hair, facial hair, muscle growth, bone growth) sex characteristics
F) Inhibits FSH because they are also produced from Sertoli cells
Semen
A) Definition
B) Function
C) The Three Components PRC
A) Mixture of sperm, testicular fluid and accessory gland secretions
B) transport medium for sperm to survive in the female reproductive tract, provides simple sugars for motility, facilitate sperm movement
C) Prostaglandins: stimulate contraction in the female tract, sperm uptake caused by the interaction between the male hormone and female smooth muscle
Relaxin: enhances sperm motility
Clotting factors: promote semen coagulation
SEVEN UP
Seminiferous Tubules (production of sperm) Epididymis (development of sperm) Vans Deferens (Transport of sperm) Ejaculatory Duct ( Convey seminal fluid)
Urethra (carries semen)
Penis (Semen is expelled)
Describe the Epididymis in terms of
A) The Three Regions
B) Function
A) Caput (Head), Corpus (Body), Cauda (Tail)
B) Sperm maturation and sperm storage in the Cauda
Name the four parts of the male urethra in order
1) Pre-prostatic
2) Prostatic
3) Membranous
4) Spongy
Describe Spermatogenesis in six steps
Spermatogonium –> Type A daughter cell and
Type B daughter cell (Meoisis) —> Primary Spermatocyte —> Secondary Spermatocyte —> Early Spermatids —> Spermatozoa
Define Seminal Vesicles Yellow PROFac
Function
Contraction
Secrete
providing energy source, contracts during ejaculation, secrete yellow viscous alkaline fluid containing fructose, ascorbic acid, coagulating enzymes
Prostate Glands MC PSA
Function
Contraction
Secrete
contracts during ejaculation causing secretions to enter the urethra, secretes milky acidic fluid containing citrate, several enzymes and prostate specific antigen
Bulbourethral Glands
Secretes what
Neutralizes what
secretes a thick clear alkaline mucus, neutralizes urine before ejaculation due to the fact it has an acidic pH which can stop the motility of the sperm
