MSK Pathologies Flashcards
Knee Ligamentous Injuries
ACL: hyperflexion, deceleration, hyperextension, or landing in an unbalanced position
MCL: blow to outside of knee (valgus force) with external tibial rotation
LCL: blow to inside of knee (varus force)
PCL: landing on tibia with flexed knee or hitting dashboard with flexed knee
Hip
femoral anteversion: >15 degrees
femoral retroversion: <8 degrees
*normal - femoral anteversion 8-15 degrees
Ankle/Foot
achilles sprain/rupture: most common between 30-50 year olds, perform Thompson test and toe raise
plantar fasciitis: severe heel pain when first standing in the morning, TTP over calcaneal insertion
ATFL sprain: excessive inversion, anterior drawer test
CFL sprain: excessive inversion, talar tilt test
deltoid ligament sprain: excessive eversion, lateral rotation stress test (Kleiger’s)
Shoulder
adhesive capsulitis
RTC pathology
SLAP
impingement
Elbow
lateral epicondylitis
medial epicondylitis
Wrist/Hand
FOOSH
Colles’: FOOSH with wrist extended
Smith’s: FOOSH with wrist flexed
Carpal tunnel syndrome: median nerve compression
Guyon’s canal syndrome: ulnar nerve compression formed by pisiform and hamate
Thumb
de quervain’s
skier’s
gamekeeper’s
TMJ
bite stick test:
- ipsilateral = muscle
- contralateral = joint
TMJ: arthralgia
arthralgia: joint-related pain
- morning stiffness/pain, pain with loading, joint signs, headaches, facial pain, ipsilateral deflection that remains
TMJ: disc displacement with reduction
disc displacement with reduction:
- clicking, ipsilateral deviation that returns to midline, wobbly and painful joint
TMJ: disc displacement without reduction
disc displacement without reduction:
- clicking, with/without locking/catching, joint noise clicking that stopped, ipsilateral deviation that remains, stiff and painful joint
TMJ: hypermobility
hypermobility: joint laxity
- hx of joint noise, locking/catching open, locked open (needs a self maneuver), loose and painful joint
- strain, sublux, dislocate
TMJ: myalgia
myalgia: no clicking, lacking joint signs and symptoms
local or referred pain
postural and parafunctional factors
Shoulder Capsular Pattern
ER> ABD> IR
Hip Capsular Pattern
Flex>ABD>IR
Radiohumeral Capsular Pattern
flexion>extension>supination>pronation
Ulnohumeral Capsular Pattern
flexion>extension
Knee Capsular Pattern
flexion> extension
Upper crossed syndrome
Weak deep neck flexors
Weak lower trap and serratus
Tight upper traps and levator scap
Tight pec minor and major
Lower crossed syndrome
Tight erector spinae
Tight iliopsoas
Weak gluteals
Weak abdominal
