[MS] Gastroenterology Flashcards
What physical finding is often associated with Vitamin C deficiency?
Corkscrew hair follicles
What physical finding is a medical emergency associated with vitamin A deficiency?
Corneal clouding
What is the generic name for vitamin E?
Tocopherol
What is the best test to make a diagnosis for chronic vomiting?
Endoscopy
What is the most common cause of dysphagia or food impaction in children?
Eosinophilic esophagitis
What type of diet typically leads to improvement of eosinophilic esophagitis?
Cow’s milk elimination diet
What is the cause of pill esophagitis?
Swallowing pills “dry” causing them to be stuck in the mid-esophagus
What are the most common pills to cause pill esophagitis?
Tetracycline, doxycycline, NSAIDs, and slow-release potassium
What is the cause of Menetrier disease resulting in severe hypoproteinemia?
CMV
What is the most reliable test to diagnose lactase deficiency?
Breath hydrogen test
What is the cause of Blue Diaper syndrome?
Isolated malabsorption of tryptophan
What deficiencies are seen in duodenal short gut syndrome?
Iron, Folate, and Calcium
How many intestinal polyps are required to make the diagnosis of juvenile polyposis?
6 or more
What are the two distinguishing characteristics of Proteus syndrome?
Hemihypertrophy
Hamartomas
What other disorder are omphaloceles associated with?
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
What rheumatologic condition is associated with Hepatitis B infection?
Polyarteritis nodosa
What cancer is associated with chronic Hepatitis B infection?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What are the extrahepatic manifestations of Hepatitis C?
Small vessel vasculitis and glomerulonephritis with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
What virus causes severe and fatal hepatitis in pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy?
Hepatitis E
What is the most severe form of Crigler-Najjar syndrome?
Type I
What is the treatment for the most severe form of Crigler-Najjar syndrome?
Phototherapy and Exchange Transfusion to prevent kernicterus
What two liver pathologies are associated with oral contraceptives?
Liver adenomas
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
What is a key imaging finding associated with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis?
“Beading” of the biliary tree
What are the findings associated with Aagenaes syndrome?
Found in Norwegian families
Severe cholestasis in the newborns
Lymphedema of the lower extremities
What disease processes are associated with hydrops of the gallbladder?
Kawasaki disease
Streptococcal pharyngitis
Prolonged fasting
HSP
What tumor marker is seen in Hepatoblastomas?
Alpha-fetoprotein
