Motor Neurone Disease Flashcards
define MND
disease of the UMNs and LMNs WITH NO sensory signs
what condition is MND linked to?
frontotemporal dementia
most common region of onset in MND?
spinal/limb onset
a patient presents with frontotemporal dementia and no motor signs, what should be considered?
do they have MND?
main protein affected in MND?
TDP-43
what lobe is responsible for memory
temporal
frontal lobe is for…
executive function
making lists
behaviour
alpha synuclein in lewy bodies is the classic presentation of what disease
parkinsons
the ____ extremities are more commonly affected in MND
upper
__ motor neuron signs are more common in MND
lower
most common subtype of MND
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
cognitive impairment is a feature of MND T or F
T
sporadic MND peaks at the ages of __ - __ years and declines after the age of __
50-75
80
average survival time of MND is _ years
3
is MND genetic?
yes but most cases are sporadic
presentation of MND
muscle weakness and wasting
speech/swallowing/breathing problems
relevant FH questions in MND?
family with MND or FT dementia?
babinski sign is a/an __ motor neurone sign
upper
fasciculations are a/an ___ motor neurone sign
lower
fasciculations are a sign of MND T or F
T
muscle cramps are a/an __ MN sign
lower
typical pattern of atrophy seen in MND?
preferential wasting of the thenar muscles
hypothenar muscles spared
name the 3 different possible sites of onset of MND
extremities
bulbar
thoracic
who gets bulbar onset MND
women in their 60s-80s
diagnostic criteria for MND
signs of LMN and UMN signs in bulbar +/- spinal regions without sensory loss with spread to other regions
Ix for MND
clinical
EMG
brain imaging
what is the bulbar region of the brain?
brainstem + cerebellum (without the midbrain)
thoracic MND can present with __ only
dyspnoea
false diagnoses of MND?
carpal tunnel
stroke
neuropathy
Tx for MND
supportive
