motor function Flashcards

1
Q

motor function is what horn?

A

ventral horn

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2
Q

whats more in a pool: neurons or muscle fibres

A

more muscle fibres
(each muscle to 1 neuron, but 1 neuron to many fibres)

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3
Q

what NT & receptors does NMJ use?

A

Ach via nicotinic receptors

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4
Q

conduction of intrafusal vs extrafusal fibres

A

extra: fast
intra: slower?

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5
Q

group I and II afferent axons
(what do they tell us and what adaptation?)

A

tell us about strength & length
slow adapting

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6
Q

muscle spindles detect what info?

A

stretch (via length)

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7
Q

golgi tendon organs detect what?

A

force

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8
Q

role of extensor muscle in reflex

A

push harder to keep you upright
(make sure you dont fall over)

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9
Q

flexion vs extension

A

f: short
e: extend

alternate during gate

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10
Q

lateral and medial vestibulospinal tracts

A

sense movement for balance (L)
balance control

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11
Q

reticulospinal tract

A

change brain state to prepare s.c for action

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12
Q

colliculospinal tract

A

integrates sensory info into 3D map
neurons sense world getting bigger / smaller when moving = position shifting

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13
Q

feed forward

A

prepare body for action
exp: when tone sounds pull bar, 1st calf contracts to increase stability

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14
Q

primary motor cortex function vs premotor cortex

A

pre: harder to generate movements b/c more purposeful
pms: brisk, rapid movement (not compound) w short latency

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15
Q

motor pathway

A

s.c. - medulla - pons - midbrain - cortex

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16
Q

stimulation of PMC does what?

A

encodes where you want muscles to go

17
Q

upper motor neuron syndrome

A

relfex = stronger (less inhib from brain = more reflex)
muscles can move but not perform tasks
large spontaneous twitches

18
Q

lower motor neuron syndrome

A

weakness / paralysis
tendon reflex doesnt work
muscle without nerve cant be regenerated

19
Q

basal ganglia main function

A

combine lots of movement to create meaningful movements

20
Q

five regions of basal ganglia

A

caudate, putamen, glbus pallidus, substantia nigra pars compacta / reticulata

21
Q

striatum (what is it and function)

A

caudate & putamen collectively
input of basal ganglia (where info comes from)

22
Q

substantia nigra pars compacta

A

excitatory input to striatum
produces melanin via DA

23
Q

parkinson’s disease

A

spontaneous movements bc lack of inhibition
lack of substantia nigra

24
Q

optogenetics

A

selectively activates D1 or D2
d1: more movement
d2: less movement

25
functions of cerebellum (3)
1. coordinating timing and sequence of muscle actions 2. maintenance of muscle tone 3. motor learning (more graceful, precision ctrl)
26
cerebellum inputs for movement (where and what)
pons: what do we want to do? inferior olive, s.c., vestibular nucleus: what happened?
27
signs of cerebellum damage
touch nose with finger from high point = weird path instead of straight draw weird square instead of straight