emotions

Question 1

real smile vs voluntary smile

Answer 1

when person has a lesion on one side of brain - voluntary smile lacks on one side whereas its fine in real smile (emotional)

Question 2

neural systems for duchenne smile

Answer 2

descending extrapyramidal projections from medial forebrain and hypothalamus

Question 3

neural systems for voluntary smile

Answer 3

descending pyramidal and extrapyramidal projections from motor cortex and brainstem

Question 4

sites in brain for reward

Answer 4

ventral medial forebrain (to rostral brainstem)
centred around: median forebrain bundle
VTA: core (through hypothalamus)

Question 5

dopaminergic pathway

Answer 5

dopaminergic neurons in VTA project to Nucleus Accumbens
(further projections to: frontal cortex, striatum, substantia nigra)

Question 6

what does it mean when we say dopamine is “en passant”

Answer 6

inpassing synapses
synapses are NOT terminal

Question 7

dopamine

Answer 7

pathway is not the reward itself, but the pathway to get there
dopamine orients brain towards certain activities

Question 8

NA system

Answer 8

vast influence over brain state

Question 9

serotonin system

Answer 9

widespread effects
overall orientation of brain

Question 10

ventral striatum + reward?

Answer 10

basal forebrain involved in like /dislike