Motivation theories Flashcards
Define motivation
Is the reasons for acting or behaving in a curtain way in order to achieve an objective. These objectives may include to make a profit.
Define Maslow’s Hierachy of needs
The needs of an individual that drives them to achieve the next step.
What is involved in Maslow’s Hierachy of needs?
- Self actualization
- Esteem
- Social
- Safety
- Physiological
Define self actualization
Employees are motivated to achieve their full potential.
Define esteem
Employees are motivated by building a large amount o self esteem, where recognition and responsibility can help
Define social?
Employees are motivated by building strong relationships with others within the workplace.
Define safety?
Employees are motivated by job security and safe workplace.
Define physiological?
Employees are motivated by basic pay and good working conditions
What are the three types of motivation?
- Maslows Hierarchy of needs
- Locke and Latham Goal setting theory
- Lawrence and Nohria the four drive theory
Define extrinsic motivation
Incentives given to employees in order to motivate them.
Eg- physiological
-Safety
Define intrinsic motivation
Motivation comes from within the employee, which are more likely to be long term motivators.
Eg- social
-esteem
-Self-actualization
What are the higher order of needs?
Intrinsic motivation
What are the lower order of needs?
Extrinsic motivation
What is the effect of lower order needs being satisfied?
Employees will move up the hierarchy of motivation.
Define clarity (Locke and Latham goal setting theory)
The goals set out by the manager to an employee are clear and specific.
Define challenge (Locke and Latham goal setting theory)
More challenging goals will cause higher levels of motivation. However goals cannot be overwhelming = employees giving up.
What should the goals set for employees and by the manager include?
- Clarity
- Challenge
- Commitment
- Feedback
- Task complexity
What is a positive of feedback? (Locke and Latham goal setting theory)
Regular feedback helps maintain momentum and keeps the employee on track towards the goal.
Define task complexity? (Locke and Latham goal setting theory)
Tasks should not be so complex that the employee doesn’t expect they can achieve it.
What does the four drive theory state?
States that there are four basic motivational needs that drive peoples emotions and behaviors.
What are the four drives?
- Acquire
- Bond
- Defend
- Comprehend
Define Acquire (four drive theory)
Is where the individual is motivated by gathering material items.
Eg-Clothing, shelter and other material goods.
Define bond (four drive theory)
Is where the individual is motivated to seek strong working relationships within the business. Employees want to feel like they belong.
Define comprehend (four drive theory)
Is where employees are motivated to learn and to be challenged in their role. There is a drive to have their curiosity satisfied.
Define drive to defend (four drive theory)
Where an individual is driven to defend themselves, family, possessions or accomplishments.
Eg- If employee feels their job security is low.
What is the impact of the four drives on an individual?
The strengths of each drive is different for each employee, but its important the business balances the drives.
What are strategies to improve motivation of Acquire?
- Competitive pay
- Monetary rewards programs
What are strategies to improve motivation of Bond?
- Structuring work in teams
- Social gatherings.
What are strategies to improve motivation to comprehend?
- Interesting work
- Provide challenging work
What are strategies to improve motivation to defend?
- Ensure performance evaluations are fair
- Set clear objectives
Define commitment (Locke and latham goal setting theory)
Goals where the employees are committed to achieving as they provide motivation. Discussing and setting goals between employee and manager can achieve this.
