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MCAT psych/soc > motivation attitude and personality > Flashcards

motivation attitude and personality Flashcards

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1
Q

intrinsic motivators

A

doing it because you want to and doing things because they are enjoyable

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2
Q

extrinsic motivators

A

external reward drives behavior, money, fame, grades, praise

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3
Q

instincts

A

hardwired fixed behaviors!!!
- simplest motivation
- more complex than reflex
- automatic behavior

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4
Q

drives

A

desire to rebalance something in the body
–> homeostatic balences

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5
Q

drive reduction therapy

A

we are motivated by our drives to resolve uncomfortable discrepencies between current state and homeostatis

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6
Q

primary drives

A

thirst, hunger, temperature regulation

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7
Q

secondary drives

A

recogition, success, money

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8
Q

maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A

“physiological”, “safety”, “belonging and love”, “social needs” or “esteem”, “self-actualization” and “transcendence”
- must satisfy lower needs to reach higher needs

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9
Q

self actualization

A

problem solving, morality, creativity, sponteneity, prejudice

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10
Q

physiological arousal

A

alertness and engagedness

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11
Q

yerkes-dodsen law

A

idea of optimal arousal for optimal performance

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12
Q

incentive theory of motivation

A

people are motivated by a drive for incentives and reinforcements
people will behave in a way that is rewarded and avoid actions that will result in punishment

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13
Q

primary reinforcers

A

physiological needs

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14
Q

secondary reinforcers

A

psychologogical eneds

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15
Q

expectancy value theory

A

moviation is balence between expectation and values

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16
Q

self determination theory

A

intrinisc motiovation to do things with the competence to do

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17
Q

opponent process theory

A

experience initiates reaction that is intenense and continutaion , the opposte dominates
- addiction

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18
Q

attitude components

A

behavioral, cognitive, affective

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19
Q

foot in the door technique

A

induce compliance by getting someone to agree with a small request before a large request

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20
Q

thomas theorum

A

people define situations as real, which have real consequences

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21
Q

cognitive dissonance

A

when idea does not line up with your values and you shift your attitude or behavior to make them consistent

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22
Q

elaboration likelihood model

A

central route- rational decision based on thorouhg consideration , leads to stable outcomes
peripheral - superficial , based on attractiveness, charisma

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23
Q

factors requried for central route processing

A

capacity and motivation

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24
Q

erik erikson stages of life

A

based on conflict resolution

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25
Q

trust v mistrust

A

first stage
0-1
caregiver infant connection

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26
Q

autonomy vs shame

A

1-3
explore the world and depedning on support , develop autonomy or self doubt

27
Q

initiative vs guit

A

3-6
begin goal based activities

28
Q

industry vs inferiority

A

6-12
given various tasks, resolve conflict, build dispplin

29
Q

identity vs role confusion

A

12-20
- find true self

30
Q

intamacy vs isolation

A

20-40
family

31
Q

generativity vs stagnation

A

40-65
is work meaningful

32
Q

integrity vs despiar

A

wisdom
65 to death

33
Q

kohlberg’s ethical dillemmas

A

preconventional
conventional
post conventional

34
Q

preconventional thinking

A

stage 1. obedience
stage 2. self interest

35
Q

conventional thinking

A

during adolescence
stage 1. conformity
stage 2. law and order

36
Q

postconventional thinking

A
  1. social contract
  2. universal human ethics
    adulthood
37
Q

social contract

A

halmark of post covnential thinking about behaving in a way for the otherall greater good

38
Q

freud’s human psyche

A

id, ego, superego

39
Q

id

A

basic urges and desires, desires instant gratification

40
Q

wish fuffiliment

A

mental escape to into id driven fantasies

41
Q

ego

A

I , interacts with the world
reality principle

42
Q

superego

A

ego-ideal
perfectionism

43
Q

regression

A

return to ealier devopmental stage

44
Q

reaction formation

A

unconcious transmutation of unacceptable desires into their opposite

45
Q

displacement

A

transfering desire for an unnacceptable object to a more acceptable object

46
Q

sublimation

A

channel energy into something else

47
Q

rationalization

A

come up with excuses for our problematic behaviors

48
Q

supression vs repression

A

supression - concious attempt to disrard feelings
repression - unconcious

49
Q

psychosexual perspective

A

sex drive affects development

50
Q

freuds stages of sexual development

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

51
Q

oral stage

A

0-1 year old
libido centered in mouth

52
Q

anal stage

A

1-3
libido centered in anus

53
Q

phallic stage

A

3-5
libido centerd in genitals

54
Q

latency stage

A

5- pub
- stable

55
Q

genital stage

A

pub- adult
normal sex

56
Q

collective unconcious

A

jung
archetyoes and universal behavior patterns
include persona (how we present outselves) and shadow ( hidden desire ) and anima ( internalized image of opposire gender)

57
Q

behaviorism

A

everything in psychology can be analyzed by our behvaiors

58
Q

humanistic psych

A

emphasizes importance of empathy

59
Q

trait theory of personality

A

personalities are lmited to traits

60
Q

big 5 personality trait thoery

A

OCEAN
neutotisism - how someone exoeruences emotionally intense situations

61
Q

type theories of personality

A

less valid

62
Q

myers-briggs

A

jungarian theory to divide people into 16 types
introversion- extraversion
thinking - feeling
intuitintion - sensing
judging-percieving

63
Q

social cognitive perspective

A

learning for context of personality development
- recirpocal determinism

64
Q

reciprical determinism

A

relationship between behaviors, choicees, personalities

MCAT psych/soc (13 decks)

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