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MCAT psych/soc > conciousness > Flashcards

conciousness Flashcards

1
Q

alertness

A

increased awareness and paying attention to stimuli

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2
Q

reticular formation

A

structure of brain associated with alertness
specifically RAS

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3
Q

coma

A

deep form of unconciousness. that does not react to stimuli and no concious movement

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4
Q

what brain imaging technique is used to measure brain waves during sleep

A

EEG

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5
Q

beta waves

A

fully awake and alert brain waves

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6
Q

alpha waves

A

fatigued less alert brain waves than beta

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7
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movement
muscle movement low, brain waves active
dreaming
becomes longer as sleep progresses

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8
Q

rem rebound

A

if a night of rem is missed, there will be extra rem to compensate the next night

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9
Q

stage 1 nonREM

A

theta waves
slow eye movement
light sleep

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10
Q

stage 2 nonREM

A

no eye motion
heart rate and breathing slow
theta waves, bursts of K complexes and sleep spindles

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11
Q

k complexes

A

periodic high-amplitude bursts

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12
Q

sleep spindles

A

high frequency bursts of activity that are thought to play a role in memory consolidation

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13
Q

stage 3 nonREM

A

deep sleep
slow wave sleep
delta waves
memory processing and recovery

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14
Q

length of an adult sleep cycle

A

90 minutes

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15
Q

which stage predominates at the begining of sleep

A

nonREM deep sleep

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16
Q

which stage predominates toward the end of sleep

A

REM lighter sleep

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17
Q

circadian rythym

A

24 hour sleep/wake cycle that is governed by melatonin and cortisol

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18
Q

pineal gland

A

secretes melatonin

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19
Q

insomnia

A

struggle to fall asleep

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20
Q

narcolepsy

A

excessive day time sleepiness , abnormal REM , cataplexy , sleep paralysis, hallucinations

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21
Q

cataplexy

A

sudden loss of muscle control

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22
Q

sleep apnea

A

cessation of breathing during sleep

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23
Q

dyssomnias

A

interfere with wheather or not sleep takes place

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24
Q

parasomnias

A

abnormal sleeping behavior

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25
somnabolism
sleep walking
26
examples of parasomnias
sleep terrors, sleep paralysis, nighmares
27
manifest content
surface level plot line/ original intent
28
latent content
hidden meaning and messages
29
wish fufilment
hypothesis of freud that dreams serve to provide a way to resolve repressed conflict and they visualize a way to resolve it
30
activation-synthesis model
activation of neurons in REM results in synthesis of input through dreaming
31
problem solving theory of dreaming
dreams are designed to fix conflict
32
cognitive theory of dreaming
dreams reflect cognitive structures
33
hypnosis
someone being put into a hyper suggestible state, extremely responsive to certain stimuli
34
meditation
quieting the mind to focus more deliberately - proven to show altered brain wave patterns of alpha and theta
35
caffiene
stimulant that increases cns activation and mimics sympathetic nervous system
36
addiction
pattern of compulsive behavior that persists despite negative consequences
37
dependence
mild withdrawl symptoms but no compulsive behaviors
38
tolerance
heavy users get accustomed to effects of a drug and need higher doses to get the same effect
39
nicotine
stimulant that is highly addictive
40
amphetamines
stimulants increase energy, alertness, decrease appetitie mood swings , hallucinations psychosis adderall and meth
41
MDMA
ecstacy/ molly - empathy/pleasure, increased focus, alertness
42
cocaine
strong stimulant, blocks uptake of serotonin, dopamine, norep - local numbing agent
43
depressents
supress CNS activate parasympathetic nervous system
44
alcohol
depressent - enhances action of GABA receptors
45
anterograde amnesia
cannot form new memories, happens with high level alc consumption
46
Korsakoff syndrome
psychiatric condition assoicated with long term alcoholism : amnesia, invented memories
47
confabulation
invented memories
48
barbituates
depressents that used to treat anxiety and depression - suseptible to addiction
49
benzodiazopes
also depresent used to treat anxiety and insomnia
50
opiods
depresent that causes sleepiness and pain relief - morphine and heroine
51
endorphins
natural pain blockers
52
which depressant drug is an endorphin agonist
opiods
53
hallucinogens
distort perception and enhance sensory experience - mimic sympathetic nervous system activation LSD
54
marjiuanna
THC bind to cannabinoid receptors which control appetitde, mood, pain
55
mesolimbic pathway
reward pathway with dopaminergic neurons - nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, olfactory tubule, medial forebrain bundle , amygdala - motivation and reinforcement learning
56
amygdala
contributes highly to addiction
57
habituation
require drug to function normally
58
attention
ability to direct awareness to a single aspect of stimuli from the external envirnment
59
william james
focus fringe (not paying attention to ) margin (between focus and fringe)
60
broadbent model of selective attention
dozens of input streams of sensory info undergo basic processing for things like color, shape and so on then enter a sensory buffer and mind picks what to focus on from buffer
61
shadowing
subjects are asked to repeat words as soon as they hear them
62
cocktail party effect
processing info that we are not paying attention to so we can immediately notice specific things (like our name being brought up across a room)
63
attenuation model
we process unintended information to some lesser extent while not fully interpreting it but can draw on it if necessary
64
inattentional bias
miss things in the background when focusing on something else
65
change blindness
failure to notice changes that take place between two stimuli (fail to notice new haricut)
66
which model does multitasking follow
sequential attention
67
allport's model resource theory
brain does not have one distinct attention center but various modules so we can multitask if things require different modules
68
controlled processing
conciously focus in task
69
automatic processing
unconcious performances
70
attention deficient/ hyperactive disorder
difficulty in maintaining attention on tasks types: inattentive hyperactive impulsive combo

MCAT psych/soc (13 decks)

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