motivation and emotions Flashcards
instinct/ evolutionary theory of motivation
- influenced by genetics
- a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species in unlearned
- automatic and usually linked to survival
drive reduction theory of motivation
- a biological need that creates a drive that motivates you to satisfy the need
- needs in this case are required for survival
- body seeks homeostasis
arousal theory of motivation
- we seek an optimal level of arousal or excitement
- yerkes-dodson theory: tasks of moderate difficulty elicit the highest level of performance
incentive theory of motivation
we learn to associate some stimuli with rewards and others with punishments and we are motivated to seek the reward
extrinsic motivation
external reward (money, sticker, prize)
intrinsic reward
motivation for your self (pride)
overjustification effect
promising a reward for something one already likes to do reduces the desire to complete the behavior because it now feels like work
maslows hierarchy of needs
from bottom of pyramid to top
physiological –> safety –> belonging –> esteem –> self actualization
approach-approach conflict
must choose between two desirable outcomes
avoidance-avoidance conflict
having to pick between two bad options
approach-aviodance
when something has both attractive and unattractive features
hunger motivation
- biological: you need to eat to survive
- cognitive: it looks good so you try it or it doesn’t look good so you don’t try it
- social: you eat something you don’t like in order to not hurt the chef’s feelings
hunger: stomach
when stomach is empty and constricted we feel hungry and when it’s expanded we feel full
hunger: brain
hypothalamus - controls body chemistry and the ratio of glucose and insulin
lateral hyothalamus
hunger center
- stimulation brings on hunger and destruction destroys hunger
