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abnormal psych Flashcards

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1
Q

definition of abnormal behavior

A
  • distress (including to others)
  • disability
  • increased risk of death, pain, or loss of freedom
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2
Q

western viewpoint

A

biopsychosocial model
- biological influences
- psychological influences
- social influences

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3
Q

what is the main difference between dsm 4 and 5

A

it got rid of the axis

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4
Q

the insanity defense requires that defendant

A
  • did not or understand the consequences of their actions
  • could not understand the difference between right and wrong
  • was unable to control their actions
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5
Q

anxiety disorder causes

A

genetics, biology, environmental factors, evolution

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6
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A
  • 4%
  • persistent excessive and uncontrollable worry for at least six months
  • symptoms: fatigue, difficulty focusing, difficulty sleeping
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7
Q

panic disorder

A
  • 3%
  • unpredictable panic attacks
  • minutes long
  • smokers have 2-4x greater risk
  • symptoms: nausea, dizziness, sweating, chills, hot flashes
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8
Q

phobias

A
  • 8%
  • focused anxiety on specific objects or activities
  • fears become phobias when they interfere with your daily living
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9
Q

OCD

A
  • 2-3%
  • unwanted repetitive thoughts or actions
  • obsessions –> thoughts
  • compulsions –> actions
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10
Q

mood disorders causes

A

genetics, biology, environment, previous diagnosis, major life changes, brain structure
ex: depression = low levels of serotonin

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11
Q

major depressive disorder

A
  • # 1 people seek mental health services
  • leading cause of disability worldwide
  • 2+ weeks of low moods, feelings of worthlessness, lethargy, no interest in hobbies, loss of abiity to imagine happiness, 24/7
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12
Q

seasonal affective disorder

A
  • reoccurring depression during winter months
  • treatmets = light boxes
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13
Q

bipolar disorder

A
  • patient alternates between depression and mania
  • mania: hyperactive, no judgement
  • no restraint (drugs, alcohol, fire alarm theory)
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14
Q

PTSD

A
  • dsm 5 –> now a stand alone disorder
  • symptoms: haunting memories, nightmares, hyper vigilance, social withdrawal, numbness of emotions
  • lasting for at least 4 weeks
  • 1 in 4 have it
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15
Q

DID

A
  • you know this
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16
Q

conversion disorder

A
  • a disorder in which a person is suffering medical problems but there is no medical explanation for it
    ex: a person is blind but an eye test shows no nerve damage
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17
Q

hypochodriasis

A

always thinks they are dying

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18
Q

phantom limb disorder

A

no limb but still pain

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19
Q

body dysmorphic disorder

A

connected to EDs
thinks they look differently then hey actually do

20
Q

schizophrenic delusions

A
  • false belief cannot be corrected
  • does not align with society or the patients education
21
Q

schizophrenic hallucination

A
  • false sensory perception
    -experienced without real external stimuli
22
Q

when does schezophrenia develop

A

between 18-30
most diagnosis happens between 18-20

23
Q

persecution schizophrenic delusion

A

FBI, CIA, Police are after patient

24
Q

grandeur schizophrenic delusion

A

patient believes they are extremely important such as a God, or an angel, or a special messenger

25
Q

reference schizophrenic delusion

A

patient believes they are secret messages being sent to them through the TV or through the newspaper that they must decode

26
Q

sub types of schizophrenia

A
  • paranoid: preoccupation with delusions, hallucinations, often beliefs of persecution
  • disorganized:bad speech/ behavior, flat affect
  • residual: withdrawal after treatment
27
Q

causes of schizophrenia

A
  • brain chem: high levels of dopamine, can be caused by use of marijuana (THC)
  • genetics
  • biology: fluid filled pocket in brain
28
Q

positive (present) symptoms of schizophrenia

A
  • delusions
  • hallucinations
  • disorganized speech
  • disorganized behavior
29
Q

negative (not present) symptoms of schizophrenia

A
  • emotion (flat affect)
  • hygiene
  • motivation

these are not present in the patient

30
Q

narcissistic personality disorder

A

exaggerate their own importance

31
Q

borderline personality disorder

A

unstable identity, unstable relationships, impulsive emotions

32
Q

antisocial personality disorder

A
  • zero empathy
  • typically male
  • lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even to family and friends
  • abuse animals
  • often get in major trouble with the law
33
Q

art therapy

A
  • 1900s in insane asylums
  • was established in 1969
  • reduces stress, resolves conflicts, helps with communication
  • requires a masters degree
34
Q

psychoanalysis

A
  • talk therapy (free association)
  • dream analysis
  • hypnosis
  • takes a long time, several years, multiple sessions a week
35
Q

humanistic therapy

A
  • client centered therapy
  • therapist listens and does not steer the patient in a specific direction
  • active listening, acknowledge feelings, restate what they said
36
Q

behavior therapies

A
  • applies learning principles to eliminate trouble behaviors
  • operant conditioning
  • tries to change behavior positively
  • does not try to find causes
  • goal directed
  • systematic desensitization
  • flooding
  • token economy
37
Q

cognitive

A
  • teaches new ways of thinking
  • uses questioning to make people realize their own irrational thought
  • can be viewed as confrontational
38
Q

CBT (cognitive behavior therapy)

A
  • Albert Ellis
  • combines changing your thought with adding positive behavior
  • most effective and popular in the west
39
Q

group therapy

A
  • cheap
  • your not alone
  • see how others deal
  • led by real Dr
40
Q

What therapy for when

A

behavioral: phobias, compulsions, disorders
cognitive: depression, anxiety, bulimia
exposure: anxiety, phobias

41
Q

antipsychotics

A

thorazine, clozapine
reduces response to stimuli
lowers dopamine
s/e: sluggisheness, tremors, tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movement)

42
Q

antianxiety

A

xanax, ativan
depress central nervous system activity
can cause psychological and physiological dependence

43
Q

anti-depressants

A

prozac, zoloft, paxil
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)
s/e: increase in suicidal thoughts

44
Q

mood stabalizers

A

lithium/salt
for mood swings and bipolar disorder

45
Q

electroconvulsive therapy

A
  • anesthesia used
  • muscle relaxant
  • not painful
  • used for severe depression
    s/e: memory loss
    not sure why it works but possibly because it resets the brain

ap psych (11 decks)

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