more structure/function Flashcards
hindbrain
contributes to the processing of sensory information
control of voluntary movement
regulation of autonomic nervous system
conduct for information passing through the forebrain to the spinal cord and vice versa
parts of hindbrain
cerebellum
pons
fourth ventricle
medulla
cerebellum
receives axonal inputs from spinal cord and pons
compares information from pons and spinal cord to calculate sequence of muscle contractions
spinal cord inputs to cerebellum
provide info about bodys position in space
pons input to the cerebellum
relay information from cerebral cortex for goal intended movements
latin word for bridge
bulges out from ventral side of brain
decussation
crossing of axons from one side to the other
pyramidal decussation function
crossing of axons in medullary pyramid
explains why the cortex of one side of the brain controls movement on opposite side of body
cochlear nucli function
project axons to number of different structures including the tectum of the midbrain (inferior colliculus)
damage to this part can lead to deafness
medulla function
touch and taste
where crossing of axons takes place
relay sensory info from spinal cord to thalmus
spinal canal
small CSF filled space
when spinal cord is cut in cross section, it looks like a butterfly wing. upper part of wing is ______ and lower part is ____
dorsal horn-upper part
ventral horn-lower part
grey matter in between these two are called intermediate zone
dorsal and ventral columns structure
axons on those sides of spinal cord
intermediate zone function
interneurons that shape motor outputs in response to sensory inputs and descending commands from the brain
dorsal horn function
receive sensory input from dorsal root fiber
ventral horn cells
project axons to ventral roots that innervate muscles
lateral ventricle related brain structure
cerebral cortex
basal telencephalon
third ventricle related brain structure
thalamus
hypothalamus
cerebral aqueduct related brain structure
tectum
midbrain tegmentum
fourth ventricle related brain structure
cerebellum
pons
medulla
similarities and differences between rat and human brain
our ventricular system has same structure
humans have sulcus (grooves) and gyrus (bumps) in the surface of cerebrum
these sulcus and grooves are due to tremendous expansion of the surface area of cerebral cortex during human fetal development
increase in cortical surface area is one of the main “distortions” of the human brain
central sulcus
marks posterior border of frontal lobe (caudal to this is parietal lobe)
what is found only in mammals
neocortex
types of cortex in mammal
neocortex
hippocampus
olfactory cortex
when we say that the cerebral cortex has expanded, what do we really mean?
the neocortex has expanded
amount of cortex is based on evolution, it is not a basic structure
thalamus is gateway to..
neocortex
___ cortex is a more recent evolutionary development
association
