More Cholinergic Drugs

Question 1

acetylcholine

Answer 1

direct acting cholinergic agonist

• intraocular use during surgery for miosis

Question 2

bethanechol

Answer 2

direct acting cholinergic agonist

• GI/GU disorders W/O obstruction (postoperative ileus, congenital megacolon, urinary retention, esophageal reflux)
• also tx for heartburn

Question 3

carbachol

Answer 3

direct acting cholinergic agonist

• tx for glaucoma or for miosis during surgery

Question 4

cevimeline

Answer 4

direct acting cholinergic agonist

• increases salivary secretion in Sjogren’s pts

Question 5

methacholine

Answer 5

direct acting cholinergic agonist

• inhaled for dx of bronchial airway hyperreactivity

Question 6

pilocarpine

Answer 6

direct acting cholinergic agonist

• increases salivary secretion in Sjogren’s pts

Question 7

varenicline

Answer 7

direct acting cholinergic agonist

• smoking cessation

Question 8

ambenonium

Answer 8

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

Question 9

donepezil

Answer 9

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• tx for dementia

Question 10

echothiophate

Answer 10

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

Question 11

edrophonium

Answer 11

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• reversal of paralysis induced by neuromuscular blocking drugs during surgical anesthesia

Question 12

galantamine

Answer 12

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• tx for dementia

Question 13

neostigmine

Answer 13

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• reversal of paralysis induced by neuromuscular blocking drugs during surgical anesthesia
• paired with atropine to block parasympathetic effects during reversal of skeletal muscle relaxation

Question 14

physostigmine

Answer 14

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• tx for dementia
• tx for anticholinergic toxicity (can cross BBB)

Question 15

pyridostigmine

Answer 15

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• reduces incapacitation and mortality associated with nerve agent poisoning

Question 16

rivastigmine

Answer 16

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• dementia tx

Question 17

tacrine

Answer 17

cholinesterase inhibitor (indirect agonist)

• tx for dementia (but with high incidence of hepatotoxicity so newer agents are preferred)

Question 18

pralidoxime

Answer 18

cholinesterase regenerator

• antidotal therapy for organophosphate exposure from warfare, terrorism, etc

Question 19

scopolamine

Answer 19

antimuscarinic

• motion sickness
• limiting airway secretions caused by irritant anesthetics

Question 20

atropine

Answer 20

antimuscarinic

Question 21

cyclopentolate

Answer 21

antimuscarinic

• mydriasis

Question 22

homatropine

Answer 22

antimuscarinic

• prevents synechia formation in uveitis and iritis

Question 23

tropicamide

Answer 23

antimuscarinic

• mydriasis

Question 24

ipratropium

Answer 24

antimuscarinic

• tx of asthma and COPD

Question 25

tiotropium

Answer 25

antimuscarinic

• tx for asthma and COPD (better than ipratropium)

Question 26

darifenacin

Answer 26

antimuscarinic

• anti M3 receptor to treat urinary urgency

Question 27

fesoterodine

Answer 27

antimuscarinic

• tx for urinary urgency

Question 28

oxybutynin

Answer 28

antimuscarinic

• selective for M3 to treat urinary urgency

Question 29

solifenacin

Answer 29

antimuscarinic

• anti M3 receptor to treat urinary urgency

Question 30

tolterodine

Answer 30

antimuscarinic

• anti M3 receptor to treat urinary urgency

Question 31

trospium

Answer 31

antimuscarinic

• nonselective antagonist to treat urinary frequency

Question 32

atropine + pralidoxime

Answer 32

antimuscarinic

• tx for cholinergic poisoning

Question 33

benztropine

Answer 33

antimuscarinic

• reduction of tremor in Parkinson’s

Question 34

biperiden

Answer 34

antimuscarinic

• tx for Parkinson’s

Question 35

orphenadrine

Answer 35

antimuscarinic

• tx for Parkinson’s

Question 36

procyclidine

Answer 36

antimuscarinic

• tx for Parkinson’s

Question 37

trihexyphenidyl

Answer 37

antimuscarinic

• reduction of tremor associated with Parkinson’s

Question 38

mecamylamine

Answer 38

ganglion blocker

• improved GI tract absorption
• tx for HTN