Moles, Chemical Equations, Physio Solutions Flashcards
Atom Def.
Basic unit of an element, smallest element part to undergo chemical reaction
Molecule Def.
Aggregate of at least 2 atoms in definite arrangement held together by chemical forces. Contains atoms of 1+ different elements
Diatomic Molecule
Contains 2 atoms
polyatomic molecule
contains 2+ atoms
Molecular Formula
Exact number of atoms of each element in a molecule
Atomic Mass Unit Definition
1 amu = one twelfth the mass of 1 carbon 12 atom
average atomic mass definition
Weighted average of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element
Chemical Reactions (def.)
Process where a substance is changed into 1 or more new substances.
Mole def.
Amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities as atoms in 12g of Carbon12
Avogadro’s Number
6.022 x 10^23
Molar Mass (def.) g/mol
Mass in grams of 1 mole of molecules/atoms
Solutions (def.)
Homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances. Formed in any state (solid/liquid/gas)
Concentration Def.
Amount of solute present in given amount of solvent
Dilute Solution Def.
Contains relatively little solute in large quantity solution
Concentrated Solution Def.
Contains relatively large solvent in qiven solution quantity
2 Ways of working out quantitative concentrations
% Conc. (eg clinical reports, medicine, I.V.) + Molar Concentration (molarity)
I.V.
Giving substances directly into a vein when patient can’t swallow/ medication would be destroyed in alimentary canal
Isotonic def.
2 substances with the same ratios of solute to solvent (no osmosis). Eg 5% w/v glucose and plasma
Example of something measured in mg %
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels
Reasons for elevated BUN levels
Impaired renal function, dehydration, excessive protein intake/ catabolism
Example of p.p.m. Use
Concentrations of toxic metals in drinking water
