Lecture 1 - Matter, Basis of Life, Isotopes Flashcards
Matter Def.
Anything that occupies space and has mass. Made up of elements
Elements Def.
Substance that can’t be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. Made up of atoms of the same type
4 Most Abundant Elements In Human Body
Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
Oxygen Function
Cellular Respiration
Carbon Function
Organic Compound Backbone
Hydrogen Function
Organic Compound Component: balances acids and bases
Nitrogen Function
Protein
Atom Def.
Smallest unit of an element that retains all element’s properties
Atomic Number (def.)
No. of protons in atom nucleus
Ion (def.)
An atom with charge
Mass No. (def.)
Protons + neutrons in nucleus of an atom
Molecule (def.)
An aggregate of at least 2 atoms with a definite arrangement held together by chemical forces
Isotopes (def.)
Atoms of the same element (same atomic number) with different amounts of neutrons (different mass numbers)
Technium-99 Function (Diagnostic)
Imaging heart, liver and lungs
Na(131)I Function (Diagnostic)
Measuring radiation above thyroid. Monitors Iodine absorption
Na(125)I Function (diagnostic)
Images thyroid
Sodium-24 (24NaCl) Function (diagnostic)
Images blockages in circulatory System
Sodium-24 Substance Desc.
Salt solution
Helium-3 Function
MRI Lungs. Not a radioactive isotope
Helium-3 Substance desc. and quantity
gas, 1L Standard
Radiation Therapy Purpose
To destroy/diminish cancer cells
2 Types of Radiation Damage
Somatic and Genetic
Somatic Rad damage def.
Damage received and experienced by an organism during it’s lifetime eg sunburn
Genetic Rad. Damage Def.
mutation passed down through genes causes potential deformity in offspring
Average Atomic Mass (def.)
Average mass of an atom of an element relative to a twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Chemistry Def.
Study of composition, structure and properties of matter, changes it undergoes and the associated changes
