Lecture 1 - Matter, Basis of Life, Isotopes

Question 1

Matter Def.

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass. Made up of elements

Question 2

Elements Def.

Answer 2

Substance that can’t be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. Made up of atoms of the same type

Question 3

4 Most Abundant Elements In Human Body

Answer 3

Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

Question 4

Oxygen Function

Answer 4

Cellular Respiration

Question 5

Carbon Function

Answer 5

Organic Compound Backbone

Question 6

Hydrogen Function

Answer 6

Organic Compound Component: balances acids and bases

Question 7

Nitrogen Function

Answer 7

Protein

Question 8

Atom Def.

Answer 8

Smallest unit of an element that retains all element’s properties

Question 9

Atomic Number (def.)

Answer 9

No. of protons in atom nucleus

Question 10

Ion (def.)

Answer 10

An atom with charge

Question 11

Mass No. (def.)

Answer 11

Protons + neutrons in nucleus of an atom

Question 12

Molecule (def.)

Answer 12

An aggregate of at least 2 atoms with a definite arrangement held together by chemical forces

Question 13

Isotopes (def.)

Answer 13

Atoms of the same element (same atomic number) with different amounts of neutrons (different mass numbers)

Question 14

Technium-99 Function (Diagnostic)

Answer 14

Imaging heart, liver and lungs

Question 15

Na(131)I Function (Diagnostic)

Answer 15

Measuring radiation above thyroid. Monitors Iodine absorption

Question 16

Na(125)I Function (diagnostic)

Answer 16

Images thyroid

Question 17

Sodium-24 (24NaCl) Function (diagnostic)

Answer 17

Images blockages in circulatory System

Question 18

Sodium-24 Substance Desc.

Answer 18

Salt solution

Question 19

Helium-3 Function

Answer 19

MRI Lungs. Not a radioactive isotope

Question 20

Helium-3 Substance desc. and quantity

Answer 20

gas, 1L Standard

Question 21

Radiation Therapy Purpose

Answer 21

To destroy/diminish cancer cells

Question 22

2 Types of Radiation Damage

Answer 22

Somatic and Genetic

Question 23

Somatic Rad damage def.

Answer 23

Damage received and experienced by an organism during it’s lifetime eg sunburn

Question 24

Genetic Rad. Damage Def.

Answer 24

mutation passed down through genes causes potential deformity in offspring

Question 25

Average Atomic Mass (def.)

Answer 25

Average mass of an atom of an element relative to a twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 26

Chemistry Def.

Answer 26

Study of composition, structure and properties of matter, changes it undergoes and the associated changes