Collision Theory and Rate Equation

Question 1

Factors Affecting Reaction Rate

Answer 1

Conc, Temp, catalysts and surface area

Question 2

Chemical Kinetics def

Answer 2

Study of rate at which chemical reactions occur, the factors effecting rate and mechanisms

Question 3

Relationship between concentration and rate

Answer 3

higher conc = faster rate

Question 4

Relationship between temp and rate

Answer 4

Higher temp = faster rate

Question 5

Relationship between catalysis and reaction rate

Answer 5

Catalyst presence = faster reaction rate

Question 6

Relationships between surface area and reaction rate

Answer 6

Increased surface area = faster rate

Question 7

What types of collisons need to occur for reactions

Answer 7

Effective. Bonds broken and formed

Question 8

Factors effecting an effective reaction

Answer 8

Molecular Orientation, Collision Energy, Collision Frequency

Question 9

Molecular Orientation Outline

Answer 9

Atoms in molecules need to be positioned so that when collided transfer of atom(s) can occur. Atoms joining another molecule must be facing that molecule

Question 10

Energy Collisions Outline

Answer 10

In an effective collision molecules must collide with an energy higher then the force of repulsion between molecules due to electron clouds

Question 11

Frequency of collisions outline

Answer 11

The higher the frequency of collisions is the higher the possibility of an effective collison

Question 12

Rate of Reaction Def

Answer 12

Change in conc of reactant/product per unit time. Increase in rate is faster = higher concentration reduced/produced per set time. Unit: mol/L/s. Rate of reaction is negative for reactants and positive for products

Question 13

Rate Laws outline

Answer 13

Define dependence rate of reactions have on concentrationchange. Can only be inferred experimentally

Question 14

Differential Rate Law

Answer 14

Relationship between reaction rate and reactants conc. Rate is proportional to reactant conc

Question 15

Integrated Rate Law

Answer 15

Relationship between reactants conc and time

Question 16

How is reaction rate calculated when presented graph of time (x) vs reactant conc

Answer 16

Create tangent line to line of points at time/conc given. Find slope of tangent line. Units: units of conce/units of time

Question 17

What other piece of info must be disclosed with rate

Answer 17

Temperature. Rate at a given time is temperature dependent

Question 18

Rate Law Equation

Answer 18

Rate = k [Reactant Conc A]^x [Reactant Conc B]^y

Question 19

Order of Reaction Def

Answer 19

Mathematical description of relationship between reaction rate and reactant conc(s). Order of total reaction = sum of Partial orders ( individual reactants orders). Determined by experiment

Question 20

0 order reaction relationship between concentration and rate

Answer 20

No change in rate regardless of concentration. Rat eis constant. B is independent of C

Question 21

1st order reaction relationship between rate and conc

Answer 21

As conc doubles, rate doubles. 2B =2C

Question 22

2nd order reaction relationship between rate and cons

Answer 22

As conc doubles, rate quadruples. 2^2B = 2C

Question 23

Pseudo 1st Order Reaction Outline

Answer 23

Reaction that’s not naturally 1st order but is made 1st order by intentionally altering the conc. of reactant(s). Eg a reactant being added in excess (combines with constant)

Question 24

Knowledge of reaction order and drug dosage

Answer 24

Balancing potency between effectiveness and toxicity. Reaction rate increases as conc does. To decrease damage done, decrease dosage conc

Question 25

Half Life Def

Answer 25

Time required for drug conc to decrease by 50% of previous conc. Allows us to admin correct dosages balancing pharmalogical effect and toxicity