Alkanes Flashcards
Alkane Outline
Saturated Hydrocarbons (only single bond) compounds. sp3 orbitals with sigma bonding
Undec Def
11 Carbons
Alkane C to C bond angles
109 degrees
Why we are carbon based life forms
Carbon is flexible to enviorments. Creates more structural isomers
IUPAC Def
Universal language of science
alkyl groups
Alkane that lost a H
How do you prrioritise between 2 locants of equal distance from C chain ends
Alphabetical order
Isoalkyl Def
Remove H from a C in the middle of the C chain.
Relationship Between Boiling Point and C chain length
Longer C chain = higher boiling points
Alkane chain polarity
Lipophilic. Doesn’t dissolve in water. Lighter then water
Primary Carbon def
Only 1 other C is attached
State of alkanes with chains 1-4 at room temp
Gast
States of alkanes with chains 5-17 at room temp
liquid
Staes of alkanes with chain >18 at room temp
waxy solids
Relationsgip between branching and boiling pint
Increased branching = increased boiling point
Phospholipid Alkanes
Make up semi-permeable membranes. Have hydrophilic and hydrophobic components. Enables cells to function
Confirmations Def
How C rotates around a sigma bond and C align
What angle does rotates to form confirmational isomers
60 degrees
Eclipsed Def
Cs overlap. C-s in U shape configuration with bond. Has more energy and thus less thermodynamicallt stable
Staggered Def
Cs are at 60 degree angles. Cs in S shape configuration. Lower energy stae and thus more thermodynamically stable
Chiral Carbons Conditions
C must have 4 sigma (saturated) bonds. Bonds must be made with 4 different substituents (as a whole, not just 1 atom)
Diffreneces between stereoisomers
Have different chemical effects in body. Drugs are mirror images
