Molecules- Carbohydrates

Question 1

What is a monomer and give 4 examples

Answer 1

A monomer is the smallest unit, a single molecule
Examples- a single amino acid, a fatty acid or glycerol, monosaccharide, nuclear base

Question 2

What is a dimer and give 4 examples

Answer 2

A dimer is (two molecules) two monomers joined together
Examples- dipeptide, disaccharide, triglyceride, nuclear base pair

Question 3

What is a polymer and give 4 examples

Answer 3

A polymer is (many molecules) many monomers joined together sometimes with other molecules
Examples- polysaccharide, polypeptide, lipids (fats and oils) , polynucleotide (DNA and RNA)

Question 4

What does ATP stand for and what is it

Answer 4

Adenosine triphosphate, it is an immediate energy source for cells

Question 5

Isomeric definition

Answer 5

Chemically the same, different structures

Question 6

Explain condensation reactions

Answer 6

Joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond and involves the elimination of water

Question 7

Explain a hydrolysis reaction

Answer 7

Breaks a chemical bond between two molecules and involves use of a water molecule

Question 8

What are the three disaccharides we need to know

Answer 8

Maltose (created by amylase) sucrose and lactose

Question 9

Why does glycogen have a branching structure

Answer 9

So multiple enzymes can release glucose to the muscles simultaneously when demand for energy is high from the same polymer

Question 10

What are the 4 major classes of biological macromolecules

Answer 10

Lipids, protein, carbohydrates, nucleic acids
They are all organic (contain carbon)