Molecules

Question 1

What is a monomer

Answer 1

A single unit which is the most basic, a single sugar, a single amino acid or a glycerol or fatty acid

Question 2

What is a dimer

Answer 2

Two monomers chemically bonded together

Question 3

What is polymer

Answer 3

A long chain of monomers chemically bonded together

Question 4

What is Anabolism

Answer 4

The synthesis of complex molecules from simple molecules by a condensation reaction

Question 5

What does anabolic (building) process include

Answer 5

-protein synthesis using ribosomes
-DNA synthesis during replication
-synthesis of complex carbohydrates such as starch cellulose and glycogen

Question 6

What does the catabolic (breaking down) process include

Answer 6

-digestion of food in the mouth, stomach and small intestine
-digestion of complex carbon compounds in dead organic matter by decomposers (carbon cycle)

Question 7

What is covenant bonding

Answer 7

Where atoms share electrons in their outer shells which result in a stable molecule being formed

Question 8

What is ionic bonding

Answer 8

The electrostatic attraction of positive and negative ions to make a bond that is weaker than a covalent bond but electrons move between atoms

Question 9

What is hydrogen bonding

Answer 9

Where electrons within a molecule are not evenly distributed leading to areas of negative charge within a molecule

Question 10

What is a condensation reaction

Answer 10

Joins 2 molecules together and involves the elimination of a molecule of water

Question 11

What is a hydrolysis reaction

Answer 11

Breaks a chemical bond between 2 molecules and involves the use of a water molecule