Modules 3, 4, 5 and 7 Flashcards
What is the Grand Vision of AI?
The grand vision of AI is to attempt to build computer systems that behave like humans.
What are the risks of using AI at work?
- Workers can be nudged to behave in a certain way
- Recruitment selection can be biased
- No transparency regarding why it chose somethin/one
- No ethical regards
How can AI be used in HR?
- Use AI in recruiting and selecting candidates
- AI can interpret what company is looking for and use it to perform tasks more efficiently.
Describe the stages in the IT infrastructure evolution?
- 1959: General-purpose maingrame and minicomputer era
- 1981: Personal Computer era
- 1983: Client/server network
- 1992: Enterprise computing era
- 2000: Cloud and mobile computing
What is Interactive AI?
This form of AI allows for text, images, video and other inputs to be combined.
What are the technology drivers of the IT infrastructure evolution?
- Moore’s law and microprocessing power
- Law of mass digital storage
- Metcalfe’s law and network economics
- Declining communication costs
- Standards and network effects
What is DNA computing?
This is an emerging branch of computing using DNA, biochemistry and molecular biology hardware, rather than traditional electronic computers
What is Moore’s law?
This law states that the amount of data being stored doubles every 18 months. The cost of storing digital information is falling exponentionally
What is HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)?
This is for communication between web browsers and servers
What are the 7 components of IT infrastructure?
- Data management and storage (IBM, Oracle, Apache
- Internet platforms (Apache, MSFT, Cisco)
- Computer hardware platforms (IBM, Oracle, HP, AAPL)
- Operating systems platforms (MSFT, Linux, Android, iOs)
- Enterprise software applications (SAP, Oracle, MSFT, IBM)
- Networking/ Telecommunications (MSFT, Cisco, AT&T, VZN)
- Consultants and system integrators (IBM, HP, Accenture)
What are optical computers?
These computers use light particles called photons to solve limitations of long-range messaging.
What is SMTP (simple mail transfer protocol)?
This is designed for email transmission
What is net neutrality?
This means that all internet traffic should be trated equally to remain an open platform. Internet service providers argue that this concept decreases attractiveness of investments.
What is FTP (File Transfer Protocol)?
This is for file transfers between clients and servers
What are the 4 major areas of business?
- Accounting and finance
- Sales and marketing
- Operations
- Human resources
What is the technical perspective on organizations?
The organization is a formal social structure with rules and procedures that processes resources from environment to produce outputs. Information systems focus on how inputs can be used to create outputs with technological changes in company
What is the behavioral perspective on organizations?
Organization is a collection of rights etc. balanced over a period of time through conflict and its resolution. Information systems can change the organizational balance of these rights etc.
What is MIS?
MIS (Management Information System) provides middle managers with reports on firm performance to help monitor and predict future performance using data from TPS. Inflexible and low analytical strength
How can IT enhance business processes?
- Automation of manual processes
- Change the flow of information
- Replace sequential with simultaneous processes
- Transform how a business works
- Drive new business models
What are transaction processing systems?
These systems keep track of basic activities and transactions of an organization. The serve operational managers for routine transactions.
Name three systems for business intelligence?
- MIS
- ESS
- DSS
What are decision support systems?
These systems serve middle managers in nonroutinge decision making and can use external and internal information.
What is the executive support system?
This is a support system for senior management addressing strategic issues and long-term trends for nonroutine decision-amking. Internal and external information.
What is a social business?
Social businesses use social networking platforms to engage employees, suppliers and deepen interactions and expedite information sharing. The most important aspect is conversations.
What are enterprise systems?
These systems integrate all information from different parts of the business and put it in one database for everyone to see. Core functions are integrated and it gives an overview of operations.
What is the business value of supply chain management systems?
- Match supply to demand
- Reduce inventory levels
- Improve delivery service
- Speed product time to market
- Use assets more effectively
- Increase sales
What are association rules?
Associations are attribute values that frequently occur together in a dataset.
What are the two central concepts in associate rules mining?
- Support: share of transactions this item set appears in
- Confidence: measures and expresses how reliably item set Y is bought if item set B is bought.
What is a composite key?
In some tables, it is possible that there is no good primary key. In this case, a combination of multiple attributes (columns) needs to be used. This combination is called a composite key.
