Module 9-Muscular System Flashcards
combining form meaning “muscle”
My(o)-
combining form meaning “smooth”
Lei(o)-
combining form meaning “flesh”
Creat-
combining form meaning “striated”
Rhabd(o)-
root word meaning “motion”
Kine
combining form meaning “strength”
Sthen
refers to the reduction in size or the shortening of a muscle
Contraction
occurs when there is a reduction of tension and thus a return to the size of the resting muscle
Relaxation
movement of the body in which the muscles work together with order
Coordination
ability of a muscle to hold a partial steady contraction which gives the muscle firmness; normal degree of tension in muscle
Tone
condition in which there is a lack of strength; weakness
Asthenia
exercise of muscles that results in beautiful strength
Calisthenics
series of rapidly repeated muscular contractions
Clonic spasm
alternating muscular contraction and relaxation in rapid succession when a muscle is passively stretched
Clonus
shortening of muscular tissue
Contracture
prolonged spasmodic muscular contractions
Cramp
visible muscular action of a small bundle of muscles
Fasciculation
condition characterized by excessive movement
Hyperkinesia
condition characterized by decreased muscle tone
Hypotonia
muscle pain
Myalgia
condition in which there is stiffness and inflexibility
Rigidity
condition in which there is hardness of a muscle
Rigor
sudden violent muscle contraction
Spasm
prolonged excessive contraction
Tonic spasm
trembling or quivering of muscles
Tremor
condition in which the neck is twisted. Also referred to as “wryneck”
Torticollis
condition of fibrous tissue and muscles in which there is pain
Fibromyalgia
inflammation of the muscle and fibrous tissue
Fibromyositis
paralysis of one half of the body, either the right or left side
Hemiplegia
muscle weakness of a very grave type
Myasthenia gravis
condition of muscle in which there is a lack of nourishment and the muscle shrinks
Muscle atrophy
condition of muscle in which there is weakening, degeneration, or abnormal nourishment and growth of muscle
Muscle dystrophy
paralysis of the lower extremities
Paraplegia
breakdown of the muscle around a part, this an inability to use the part
Paralysis
flat foot
Pes planus
inflammation of many muscles
Polymyositis
condition in which there is a breakdown of a striated muscle
Rhabdomyolysis
injection into a muscle of a therapeutic dose of botulism toxin to paralyze the muscle that is contracting and causing spasm in a body part
Botox injection
cutting into the fascia surrounding a muscle, usually done to relieve the pressure from swelling of a muscle in the enclosed fascia
Fasciotomy
removal of a muscle or part of a muscle
Myectomy
removal of a muscle tumor
Myomectomy
removal of the nerves of a specific muscle group
Myoneurectomy
plastic surgery on a muscle, usually done to repair the muscle tissue or to use the muscle part as a transplant to other parts of the body
Myoplasty
repair of a muscle by suturing
Myorrhaphy
incision into a muscle
Myotomy
application of physical force to a body part, usually to improve the functioning of the upper extremities and improve the individual’s ability to carry out activities of daily living
Occupational therapy
science of applying external devices to straighten a body part or to realign it to a more functional position
Orthotics
application of physical force to a body part, usually to improve the functioning of the lower extremities for ambulating
Physical therapy
treatment of muscle weakness by physical methods such as massage, heat, cold, or exercise
Physiotherapy
application of a pulling force to stretch a contracted muscle, and indirectly to keep a fractured bone in alignment by controlling the direction and force of muscle contractions
Traction
