Module 3-The Structure of Medicine Flashcards
referred by the actual practice of
medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
Clinical Medicine
is a body of information collected to
learn of past events that might relate to the patient’s
health or illness.
Medical History
Medical History includes:
- Presenting symptoms of chief complaint
- History of present illness, if illness is present
- Past history
- Family history
- Social history
act of listening to the sounds produced by
internal organs
Auscultation
instrument for listening to sounds in the
chest and many other areas of the body
Stethoscope
act of looking into or looking at the patient, either directly or indirectly through various instruments.
Inspection
instrument for viewing the inside of the
eye
Ophthalmoscope
act of touching or feeling specific areas of the
patient’s body
Palpation
act of striking various parts of the body to
determine the quality of sounds produced, reflexes or
nerve reactions, or the existence of tenderness
Percussion
measured to complete the total evaluation of
the person’s state of health.
Vital signs
Vital signs measured are the:
- Temperature
- Respiratory rate
- Pulse rate
- Blood pressure
sharp; one condition that is brief and severe
Acute
involving systems; a systemic disease affects
the body as a whole
Systemic
able to walk
Ambulatory
a group of signs and symptoms that usually
occur together
Syndrome
irregularity, a deviation from normal
Anomaly
an indication of something that occurs with a
particular disease process
Symptom
wasting away of the body or of an organ or part
Atrophy
observable occurrence
Sign
good; a disease that is not malignant
Benign
a predicton of the course of a disease process
Prognosis
time-related; one condition that lasts a long time
Chronic
“next place”; a disease that spreads from one
place to the next
Metastatic
a sick bed or area where sick persons are confined
or go to for diagnosis and treatment of disease
Clinic
bad; a condition that becomes progressively
worse and may result in death
Malignant
related to examination in a clinic, resulting in
diagnosis and treatment
Clinical
identification of a disease
Diagnosis
bol-
ball
carcino(o)
cancer
ede-
swelling
febr-
fever
fiss-
split
fistula
small pipe
hernia
protrusion
infect
contaminate
inflammation
burning
lesion
harm
lip
fat
lith-
stone, calculus
necro-
death
obesity
fatness
patho-
disease
phthi-
decay
polyp
many feet
pur
pus
pyo-
pus
pyr-
fever
scar
mark
stear-, steat-
fat
steno-
narrowing
strict-
draw tight
struct-
clogged
tract-
draw, drag
trauma
wound, injury
tuber-
swelling
tumor
swelling
ulcer
sore
ball or clot of blood in a
vessel
embolism
cancerous tumor
carcinoma
abnormal collection of fluid in the tissues of the body
edema
feverish condition
febrile
cleft, split, or groove that may or may not be normal
fissure
abnormal passage between two internal organs
fistula
protrusion of an organ or part of organ
hernia
Contaminate with disease-producing germs
infect
Condition in which there is a burning or destruction of
the cells of the body
inflammation
Injury, wound, or area of disease
lesion
tumor made of fat
lipoma
incision made to remove a stone
lithotomy
death of tissue
necrosis
there is excessive fat around the body
obesity
study of diseases
pathology
wasting away of the body or part of the body
phthisis
shortened form of the world polypus
polyp
containing pus
purulent
to discharge pus
suppurate
cyst containing pus
pyocyst
state of having fever
pyrexia
mark left by a healed wound; may be internal or external
scar
there is excessive fat in buttocks
steatopygia
narrowing condition
stenosis
a vessel is narrowed, walls of an organ are drawn together
constriction
there is a clog in a normal passageway
obstruction
parts of an organ are drawn together
contract
condition in which there is injury to more than one part of the body
multiple trauma
characterized by appearance of small swellings
tuberculosis
growth of tissue from a disease rate
tumor
sore that is open on the surface of the body or on a wall of an internal organ
ulcer
term commonly used for treatment of disease
Therapy
phase of medicine that deals with the treatment of disease.
Therapeutics
Two general categories of treatment:
- Surgical
- Internal medicine
involves art and practice of treating diseases, injuries, and deformities by operation or by application of devices internally or externally
Surgical
deals with the treatment of diseases that are treated with drugs or other nonsurgical types of treatment; commonly referred to as medical therapy
Internal medicine
chemical substance administered to a person
to treat a disease
Drug
root word meaning drug
pharm/o
goal is to cure a disease
Curative medicine
efforts taken to prevent disease
Disease prevention
goal in which a chronic disease is managed to allow the patient to live with the disease and to prevent some complications of the disease
Disease management
an approach by health professionals in which maintaining or improving a person’s health is the goal of the action taken
Health promotion
goal is aimed at covering the symptoms of a disease, rather than trying to cure the disease
Palliative medicine
goal is to restore a person’s functional state to the highest level of independence possible.
Rehabilitation medicine
goal is to restore one or more functions of the body
Restorative medicine
taken to find out more about the patient, the disease, the environment, or any other factor that may affect the patient
Diagnostic
goal is to help the patient and others learn what they need to do to participate in caring for their own health or illness
Education
one in which a treatment is given to a patient
Therapeutic
condition in which a natural body structure was not produced
Agenesis
disease caused by bacteria
Bacterial
disease in which the natural course leads to death
Cancer
condition or defect that a child is born with
Congenital
characterized by a breakdown in the structure of a part
Degenerative
a disease occurring in a particular group of people
Endemic
disease that is spread over a large number of people in an area
Epidemic
condition in which a disease becomes increasingly severe
Exacerbation
disease caused by fungus
Fungal
condition caused by disease-producing worms
Helminthic
disease that is a side effect of a prescribed treatment
Iatrogenic/ Introgenic
a disease that is peculiar to one person; a
disease of unknown cause
Idiopathic
disease that makes its way into a person; a disease that is spread from one person to another
Infectious
disease in which new cells are formed; this type is referred to as cancer
Neoplastic
disease that originates in a hospital or other
institution designed to care for sick people
Nosocomial
treatment that is directed at the symptom of the disease, rather than curing the disease
Palliation
disease that is spread all over the people; a widespread disease
Pandemic
disease caused by a parasite
Parasitic
presence in the blood of organisms or poisons from those organisms capable of producing a breakdown of body tissues
Sepsis
wound either to the body or mind
Trauma
disease caused by a virus
Viral
caused by a virus capable of moving its own DNA backward into the DNA of a host cell and becoming part of that host cell. When the cell divides, it divides as if it were the virus
Retroviral
