Module 7-Skeletal System Flashcards
combining forms that mean “bone”
os-, ossa-, oste-, osteo-
combining form meaning “marrow”
Myel(o)-
the process of bone production
Ossification
excision of a small piece of bone for microscopic examination
Bone biopsy
insertion of a needle through the bone into the medullary canal to take a sample of bone marrow
Bone marrow test
condition in which there is pain in the tailbone
Coccygodynia
grating sound at the site of a bone fracture or at other sites where bones rub together
Crepitation
method to measure the mass of bone defined by either length, area, or volume; it is also referred to as “geometric distribution of
bone tissue”
Densitometry
pertaining to one bone
Monostotic
pertaining to many bones
Polyostotic
condition in which there is a lack of growth of the ends of long bones that are covered with cartilage
Achrondoplasia
a condition in which there is destruction and death of bone cells in the hip joint that are not associated with infection
Aseptic necrosis of the hip
a condition in which there is destruction and death of bone cells in the hip joint as a result of the lack of blood vessels that supply blood or nourishment
Avascular necrosis of the hip
unstable condition between the atlas and the axis
Atlantoaxial instability
turniplike protrusion on the inner surface of the foot near the joint of the big toe
Bunion
new, hard bone formation at the site of a bone fracture
Callus
congenital overdevelopment of the costal projection of a certain cervical vertebrae, resembling a rib
Cervical rib
tumor arising from the cartilage
Chondroma
disease condition in which the head of the femur becomes flattened
Coxa plana
a condition in which the development of the joint of the hip is forming abnormally
Developmental dysplasia of the hip
condition in which a person is smaller than normal
Dwarfism
condition in which there is excessive formation of bone making a protuberance on bone
Exostosis
abnormal formation in which fibrous tissue replaces bone tissue
Fibrous dysplasia
condition in which there is a break in a bone
Fracture
multiple tumors of the bone marrow that replace normal cells
Multiple myeloma
the formation of bone in a muscle that is inflammed
Myositis ossificans
inflammation of bone that results in deformity of bony structures
Osteitis deformans
inflammation of the bone at the joint
Osteoarthritis
inflammation of bone and cartilage
Osteochondritis
tumor of the bone and cartilage
Osteochondroma
group of disease conditions involving growth centers of bone and the articular cartilage
Osteochondrosis
condition in which bone is destroyed
Osteoclasia
condition in which there is a disturbance in the growth of bone
Osteodystrophies
disease in which the production of bone is imperfect
Osteogenesis imperfecta
malignant tumor of connective tissue arising in bone
Osteogenic sarcoma
benign tumor of the bone
Osteoma
condition in which bones become softened
Osteomalacia
condition in which bone and bone marrow are inflamed
Osteomyelitis
condition in which there is a decrease in bone mass
Osteopenia
condition in which the bone becomes porous
Osteoporosis
section of bone that has become necrotic and has separated from the healthy bone
Sequestrum
inflammation of the spine
Spondylitis
condition in which the fingers or toes have grown together
Syndactylism
fracture resulting from a contraction causing a muscle to be torn away from the bone
Avulsion
shattering resulting in several fragments of bone
Comminuted
there is a complete break of a bone
Complete
also known as open fracture; there is more than one type of injury
Compound
fracture in which bones are displaced
Displaced
does not result in a complete break of a bone
Greenstick
the long bone is pushed into the fracture fragments
Impacted
also known as closed fracture; does not involve other soft tissue injury
Simple
fracture that goes around a bone
Spiral
fracture across the neck of a projection of a bone
Transcervical
fracture near the end of a bone resulting in a crosswise fracture and a perpendicular joining fracture in the shape of a T
T-shaped
surgical removal of a part of a bone
Ablation
act of putting bones back in their natural position
Alignment
removal, cutting off of a part of a body
Amputation
removal of the wrist bones
Carpectomy
removal of a condyle
Condylectomy
process in which the joint is taken apart and the limb is cut off at a joint
Disarticulation
removal of the intervertebral cartilage
Diskectomy
use of metal devices to hold a fractured bone in its set position
Fixation
placement of bone fragments from another bone in the person’s body or from a donor
Grafting
moving or handling of a part of the body, such as a fractured bone or dislocated joint
Manipulation
surgical fracture or breaking of bone to bring about a change in alignment
Osteoclasis
surgical reconstruction or repair of a bone
Osteoplasty
surgical procedure in which the bone is cut into
Osteotomy
procedure of crushing a part of bone
Osteotripsy
specially designed equipment put in place of a missing part of the body
Prosthetic devices
nonsurgical manipulation done to return fractured bones to their normal alignment
Reduction
reattaching of a limb that has been severed
Replantation
creation of a saucerlike depresson in a bone
Saucerization
shoulder blade is fixed or made immovable by attaching it to the ribs
Scapulopexy
removal of a portion of dead bone
Sequestrectomy
joining together of two or more vertebra
Spinal fusion
