Module 4-Prefixes Flashcards

1
Q

consists of one or more letters, preceding the

root word.

A

Prefix

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2
Q

Prefix modify a medical term by indicating a

structure’s or a condition’s:

A
  • Absence
  • Location
  • Number or quantity
  • State
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3
Q

up, back again

A

ana-

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4
Q

building up

A

anabolism

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5
Q

before

A

ante-

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6
Q

before delivery

A

antepartum

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7
Q

down, through

A

cata-, kata-

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8
Q

breaking down

A

catabolism

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9
Q

beginning, origin

A

gen-

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10
Q

origin

A

genesis

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11
Q

beyond, over, between, change, or next to

A

meta-

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12
Q

next to the wrist

A

metacarpal

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13
Q

night

A

noct(i)-

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14
Q

occuring in the night

A

nocturnal

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15
Q

night

A

nyct(o)-

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16
Q

pain during the night

A

nyctalgia

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17
Q

after

A

post-

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18
Q

after birth

A

postpartum

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19
Q

before

A

pre-

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20
Q

before birth

A

prenatal

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21
Q

prim-

A

first

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22
Q

primary

A

first in order

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23
Q

prot(o)-

A

first

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24
Q

protype

A

original or first form

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25
Q

sym-, syn-

A

together, union

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26
Q

synergetic

A

working together

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27
Q

telo-

A

end

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28
Q

telophase

A

end phase of mitosis

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29
Q

ter(t)-

A

third

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30
Q

tertiary

A

third in order

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31
Q

acro-

A

extremity, tip

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32
Q

acrocyanosis

A

bluish color of hands and feet

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33
Q

anti-

A

against

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34
Q

antidote

A

action against a potion

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35
Q

apo-

A

separation or derivation from

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36
Q

aponia

A

separation of the mind, confusion

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37
Q

circum-

A

around

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38
Q

circumoral

A

around the mouth

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39
Q

contra-

A

opposite, against

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40
Q

contralateral

A

opposite side

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41
Q

dorso-, dorsi-

A

back

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42
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bending back

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43
Q

ecto-

A

outside, misplaced

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44
Q

ectopic

A

outside the intended place

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45
Q

endo-

A

within

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46
Q

endocardial

A

within the heart

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47
Q

epi-

A

on, over, upon

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48
Q

epigastric

A

over the stomach

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49
Q

eso-

A

within

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50
Q

esoteric

A

hidden within

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51
Q

extra-

A

outside of, in addition to, beyond

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52
Q

extracorporeal

A

outside the body

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53
Q

fore-

A

before, in front

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54
Q

forebrain

A

front part of brain

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55
Q

hyper-

A

above, excessive, beyond

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56
Q

hyperactive

A

excessive activity

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57
Q

hypo-

A

below, under

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58
Q

hypodermic

A

under the skin

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59
Q

infra-

A

below

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60
Q

infracostal

A

below the ribs

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61
Q

inter-

A

between parts

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62
Q

intercellular

A

between the cells

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63
Q

intra-

A

within the part

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64
Q

intracellular

A

within the cell

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65
Q

juxtra-

A

near

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66
Q

juxtaspinal

A

near the spine

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67
Q

medi-

A

middle

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68
Q

medial

A

near the midline

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69
Q

meso-

A

middle

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70
Q

mesoderm

A

middle layer of skin

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71
Q

ob-

A

against, in the way, oppose

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72
Q

obstruction

A

something in the way of normal flow

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73
Q

para-

A

beyond, beside

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74
Q

paraspinal

A

beside the spine

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75
Q

peri-

A

around

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76
Q

perinatal

A

around the time of birth

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77
Q

pro-

A

for, in front of, before

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78
Q

prodromal

A

symptom that comes before

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79
Q

schizo-, schisto-

A

split, divided

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80
Q

schizonychia

A

splitting nails

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81
Q

sub-

A

beneath

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82
Q

subcostal

A

beneath the ribs

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83
Q

super-

A

excessive, above

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84
Q

superciliary

A

hairs above the eyes

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85
Q

supra-

A

above, over

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86
Q

suprapubic

A

above the pubic bone

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87
Q

tele-

A

distant, far

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88
Q

telangiectasia

A

dilatation of distant capillaries such as in the nose

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89
Q

trans-

A

across, through, over, beyond

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90
Q

transabdominal

A

through the abdominal wall

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91
Q

ultra-

A

excessive, extreme

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92
Q

ultrasonic

A

sound waves at the extreme edge of the audio frequency range

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93
Q

a-, an-

A

without, absent

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94
Q

anemia

A

absence of blood

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95
Q

allo-

A

another, different form

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96
Q

allomorphic

A

assuming a different form

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97
Q

ambly-

A

dull

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98
Q

amblyopia

A

dull vision

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99
Q

andro-

A

male

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100
Q

androgen

A

male sex hormone

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101
Q

angi(o)-

A

vessel, duct, usually a blood vessel

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102
Q

angiospasm

A

contraction of a blood vessel

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103
Q

atel-

A

imperfect

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104
Q

atelectasis

A

imperfect expansion of lungs

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105
Q

auto-

A

self

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106
Q

autogenesis

A

starting with oneself

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107
Q

bacter-

A

bacteria

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108
Q

bacteroid

A

resembling a bacteria

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109
Q

bi(o)-

A

life

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110
Q

biochemistry

A

chemistry of living matter

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111
Q

brady-

A

slow

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112
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heart rate

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113
Q

cac(o)-

A

bad, ill

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114
Q

cacogeusia

A

bad taste

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115
Q

co-, com-, con-

A

with, together

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116
Q

congenital

A

born with

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117
Q

cry(o)-

A

cold

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118
Q

cryosurgery

A

destruction of tissue by application of cold

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119
Q

crypt(o)-

A

hidden

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120
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undescended hidden testicle

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121
Q

dys-

A

difficult

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122
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

difficult menses

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123
Q

eu-

A

good, normal

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124
Q

euthanasia

A

good death

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125
Q

glycol-, gluco-

A

sugar, sweet

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126
Q

glycolysis

A

breakdown of sugar

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127
Q

gyn-, gyneco

A

female

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128
Q

gynecology

A

study of the female

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129
Q

haplo-

A

single, simple

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130
Q

haploderma

A

simple skin inflammation

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131
Q

hetero-

A

other, different

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132
Q

heterosexual

A

other sex

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133
Q

homeo

A

unchanged

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134
Q

homeostasis

A

state of equilibrium

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135
Q

homo-

A

same

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136
Q

homosexual

A

same sex

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137
Q

hydra-, hydro-

A

water

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138
Q

hydrocele

A

watery hernia

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139
Q

idio-

A

peculiar to the individual, distinct

140
Q

idiopathic

A

disease with no known cause arising in an individual

141
Q

iso-

A

equal, same

142
Q

isopia

A

equal vision in both eyes

143
Q

mal-

A

bad

144
Q

malabsorption

A

impaired absorption

145
Q

neo-

A

new, strange

146
Q

neonatal

A

newborn

147
Q

non-

A

not

148
Q

noninfectious

A

not able to spread

149
Q

norm(o)-

A

normal

150
Q

normovolemia

A

normal blood volume

151
Q

ortho-

A

straight

152
Q

orthodontia

A

procedure to straighten teeth

153
Q

oxy-

A

sharp, acute, rapid

154
Q

oxytocia

A

rapid labor

155
Q

paleo-

A

old

156
Q

paleopathology

A

study of ancient diseases

157
Q

path(o)-

A

disease, suffering

158
Q

pathogenic

A

capable of producing diseases

159
Q

phage(o)-

A

eat, consume

160
Q

phagocyte

A

cell that can consume other substances

161
Q

poikilo-

A

varied

162
Q

poikilocyte

A

irregularly shaped blood cell

163
Q

pseudo-

A

false

164
Q

pseudocyst

A

false cyst

165
Q

sclera-

A

hard

166
Q

sclerosis

A

hardening of tissue

167
Q

stereo-

A

solid, firmly established, three dimensional

168
Q

stereotype

A

firmly established attitude

169
Q

tachy-

A

fast

170
Q

tachycardia

A

fast heart rate

171
Q

terato-

A

malformed, monster

172
Q

teratoid

A

resembling a monster

173
Q

therap-

A

treatment

174
Q

therapeutic

A

having a healing effect

175
Q

thermo-

A

heat, warmth

176
Q

thermometer

A

a device used to measure heat

177
Q

toxic-

A

poison

178
Q

toxicosis

A

disease caused by a poison

179
Q

trachy-

A

rough

180
Q

trachyphonia

A

rough voice

181
Q

xero-

A

dry

182
Q

xerocheilia

A

dry lips

183
Q

thousands

A

milli-

184
Q

millenium

A

1000 years

185
Q

century

A

100 years

186
Q

ten

A

dec-, deca-

187
Q

deipara

A

a woman with ten offsprings

188
Q

one

A

mono-, uni-

189
Q

unilateral, monocular

A

on one side seeing in only one eye

190
Q

two

A

bi-

191
Q

bifurcate

A

split in two directions

192
Q

three

A

tri-

193
Q

triplets

A

three babies

194
Q

four

A

quadri-, tetra-

195
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralyzed in all four extremities

196
Q

five

A

quint-

197
Q

quintuplets

A

five babies

198
Q

six

A

sex-, ses-, hexa-

199
Q

sextuplets

A

six babies

200
Q

seven

A

septa-, hepta-

201
Q

septuplets

A

seven babies

202
Q

eight

A

octa-, octi-, octo-

203
Q

octigravida

A

eight pregnancies

204
Q

nine

A

nona-, noni-, nonu-

205
Q

nonipara

A

a woman with nine offsprings

206
Q

ankylo-

A

crooked, bent

207
Q

ankylosing

A

bent spine

208
Q

apex

A

point

209
Q

apex of the heart

A

the pointed, lower end of the heart

210
Q

calyx, calix

A

cup shape

211
Q

calyx

A

cup-shaped area, especially of the kidney

212
Q

conus

A

cone shape

213
Q

medulla conus

A

the cone-shaped area at the lower end of the spinal cord

214
Q

eury-

A

broad, flat

215
Q

eurycephalic

A

flat head

216
Q

ortho-

A

straight

217
Q

orthodontia

A

straightening of the teeth

218
Q

pachy-

A

thick

219
Q

pachyotia

A

thick ears

220
Q

platy-

A

flat

221
Q

platycephalic

A

flat head

222
Q

plico-

A

fold

223
Q

fundoplication

A

procedure in which the stomach is folded

224
Q

steno-

A

narrow, contracted

225
Q

arterial stenosis

A

narrowing of the arteries

226
Q

alba-

A

white

227
Q

albino

A

appearing white

228
Q

chloro-

A

green

229
Q

chloroplast

A

green body found in cells

230
Q

chromo-

A

color

231
Q

chromocyte

A

colored cell

232
Q

cirrh-

A

yellow

233
Q

cirrhosis

A

yellowing of the liver

234
Q

cyano-

A

blue

235
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of the skin

236
Q

erythro-

A

red

237
Q

erythropoiesis

A

formation of red blood cells

238
Q

leuko-

A

white

239
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

240
Q

lute-

A

yellow

241
Q

luteinizing hormone

A

hormone causing yellow areas in the ovary

242
Q

melano-

A

black

243
Q

melanoma

A

black mole

244
Q

nigro-

A

black

245
Q

substantia nigra

A

black area in the brain

246
Q

rube-

A

red

247
Q

rubor

A

redness of skin

248
Q

xantho-

A

yellow

249
Q

xanthoma

A

yellow spot

250
Q

ab-

A

away from

251
Q

abduct

A

move away from

252
Q

ad-

A

to, toward

253
Q

adduct

A

move toward

254
Q

clin(o)-

A

slope

255
Q

clinocephaly

A

sloping or flatness of the top of the head

256
Q

de-

A

to do the opposite, off of, to remove entirely, away, not, down

257
Q

decapitate

A

to remove the head

258
Q

dextro-

A

right

259
Q

dextrogastria

A

stomach on the right side of the body

260
Q

dia-

A

apart, separate

261
Q

diastasis

A

a separation of joined parts

262
Q

e-

A

out

263
Q

enucleate

A

remove the eye

264
Q

ex-

A

away from, out completely

265
Q

exhale

A

breathe out

266
Q

in-, im-

A

in, inside, within, not

267
Q

immerse, injection

A

dip into, force into

268
Q

ir-

A

against, into,toward

269
Q

irradiate

A

emit rays into

270
Q

levo-

A

left

271
Q

levoduction

A

movement to the left

272
Q

opisth-

A

backward

273
Q

opisthognathism

A

lower jaw is pushed backward

274
Q

pro-, proso

A

forward, anterior, first, in front of

275
Q

proptosis

A

forward bulging of the eyes

276
Q

re-

A

back, again

277
Q

reflex

A

bend back

278
Q

retro-

A

behind, backward

279
Q

retrograde

A

going backward

280
Q

sinistr(o)-

A

left

281
Q

sinistrocular

A

stronger vision in the left eye

282
Q

a-, an-

A

none

283
Q

anuria

A

no urine

284
Q

anis(o)-

A

unequal

285
Q

anisognathic

A

upper and lower jaw are different sizes

286
Q

brachy-

A

short

287
Q

brachycephalic

A

short head

288
Q

brevi-

A

short, slow

289
Q

brevicollis

A

shortness of the neck

290
Q

lepto-

A

small, slender, soft

291
Q

leptophonia

A

soft voice

292
Q

macro-, mega-

A

large

293
Q

macrorhinia

A

large nose

294
Q

micro-

A

small

295
Q

microtia

A

small ears

296
Q

mio-

A

less, smaller

297
Q

miosis

A

pupil size is smaller

298
Q

olig(o)-

A

little, small, scanty, deficient

299
Q

oliguria

A

small amount of urine

300
Q

per-

A

excessive, through, by means

301
Q

per-

A

excessive, through, by means of

302
Q

ambi-, amphi-

A

both

303
Q

ambidextrous

A

using both hands

304
Q

bi-

A

two

305
Q

bifurcation

A

two branches

306
Q

centi-

A

100

307
Q

centimeter

A

1/100 meter

308
Q

deca-

A

10

309
Q

decaliter

A

10 liters

310
Q

deci-

A

1/10th

311
Q

deciliter

A

1/10 liter

312
Q

demi-

A

half

313
Q

demibrain

A

half a bath (sitz bath)

314
Q

di-, dis-

A

two, twice, doubly

315
Q

dioxide

A

two oxygen molecules

316
Q

diplo-

A

double

317
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

318
Q

hemi-

A

half

319
Q

hemiplegia

A

half-paralyzed state

320
Q

holo-

A

whole, all

321
Q

holography

A

all three-dimensions in a picture

322
Q

milli-

A

1000

323
Q

millimeter

A

1/1000 meter

324
Q

mono-

A

one

325
Q

mononuclear

A

one nucleus

326
Q

multi-

A

many

327
Q

multigravia

A

many pregnancies

328
Q

null(i)-

A

no, none

329
Q

nullipara

A

woman who has not borne children

330
Q

pan-

A

all

331
Q

panphobia

A

fear of all things

332
Q

pleo-

A

many, more

333
Q

pleomorphic

A

having many shapes

334
Q

plur(i)-

A

many, more

335
Q

pluriglandular

A

many glands

336
Q

poly-

A

many

337
Q

polycystic

A

many cysts

338
Q

quadr(i)-

A

four

339
Q

quadriplegia

A

having four extremities paralyzed

340
Q

semi-

A

half

341
Q

semicircular

A

half circle

342
Q

tetra-

A

four

343
Q

tetradactyly

A

having only four toes

344
Q

tri-

A

three

345
Q

triplets

A

three offspring at one birth

346
Q

uni-

A

one

347
Q

unilateral

A

one side