Module 8.2: Tone and formality Flashcards
What is the most important distinction in written tone?
The distinction between formal and informal English.
This distinction reflects the document’s purpose and intended audience.
What characterizes formal English?
Formal English sticks closely to prescriptive rules of punctuation, grammar, and spelling. It may require complex language and avoids contractions and colloquial terms.
It often strives for objectivity and avoids emotive language.
What is informal English typically closer to?
Informal English is closer to spoken English.
It may include colloquial language, ellipses, or non-standard grammatical forms.
What is a semi-formal document characterized by?
A semi-formal document is written in complete, grammatical sentences and avoids slang, while still using fairly simple language.
It would not typically incorporate long strings of emoji.
What does authorial voice refer to?
Authorial voice refers to the personality and individuality of the author as expressed in their writing style.
This can include elements like vocabulary and formatting.
Why is knowing the audience important for gauging the tone of a document?
Knowing the audience helps determine the appropriate tone and complexity of the language used in the document.
Different audiences may require different levels of formality and technicality.
What are the main purposes a document may serve?
- Exposition
- Description
- Persuasion
- Narrative
These purposes shape the document’s style and the proofreading approach.
What types of formatting are commonly used for emphasis?
- Italics
- Bold
- Underlining
- ALL CAPS
The best approach for emphasis depends on the document’s tone and purpose.
What is the preferred method of emphasis in formal contexts?
Italics are the preferred method of emphasis in most formal contexts.
This includes academic work and is also common in less formal writing.
What is the traditional form of emphasis that is less common now?
Underlining is a traditional form of emphasis that is much less common now.
It was primarily used when typewriters did not have italic or bold typefaces.
Why is using ALL CAPS discouraged in most contexts?
Using ALL CAPS makes writing look like it is being shouted, which is generally discouraged.
However, it can be used in less formal writing to convey loudness or anger.
What should proofreaders prioritize when proofreading a document?
Proofreaders should prioritize clarity and consistency in a document to ensure it communicates its meaning clearly.
This includes ensuring that titles are descriptive and terminology is appropriate.
Fill in the blank: The relationship between paedomorphism and human reactions to juvenile canines is explored thoroughly in the _______.
extant scientific literature.
True or False: Creative writing often uses elements of both formal and informal English.
True.
A story may stick to standard English but feature non-standard grammar and colloquial words in dialogue.
