Module 10.1: Understanding citations and references

Question 1

What is academic referencing?

Answer 1

Academic referencing is the practice of crediting other authors when using their work, distinguishing original work from quoted or paraphrased content.

Question 2

What are the consequences of failing to cite sources?

Answer 2

Failing to cite sources is considered plagiarism or academic fraud.

Question 3

What are citations?

Answer 3

Citations are markers in the main text that indicate information taken from a source.

Question 4

What are references?

Answer 4

References are complete records of sources cited in the main text, providing full details at the end of the document.

Question 5

What is the difference between a reference list and a bibliography?

Answer 5

A reference list includes only cited sources, while a bibliography can include any sources consulted during research.

Question 6

What key information is typically included in citations?

Answer 6

Citations usually include the author’s name and publication date.

Question 7

When is a page number required in a citation?

Answer 7

A page number is typically required for direct quotations but not usually for paraphrased information.

Question 8

What are the three ways of referring to sources in a document?

Answer 8

The three ways are quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing.

Question 9

What is a direct quotation?

Answer 9

A direct quotation uses the exact words of an author and includes a citation with the author’s name, publication date, and usually a page number.

Question 10

What is paraphrasing?

Answer 10

Paraphrasing is restating an author’s words in a different way while retaining the original meaning.

Question 11

What is summarizing?

Answer 11

Summarizing encapsulates the main points of a text in a brief and concise manner.

Question 12

What are the two broad categories of referencing systems?

Answer 12

The two categories are parenthetical referencing and footnote/endnote referencing.

Question 13

What is parenthetical referencing?

Answer 13

Parenthetical referencing includes in-text citations with the author’s surname and year of publication in parentheses.

Question 14

What is footnote referencing?

Answer 14

Footnote referencing cites sources at the bottom of the page using superscript numbers.

Question 15

What key information is needed for a source reference?

Answer 15

Key information includes:
* Author’s name
* Main source title
* Container title
* Year of publication
* Publisher’s name
* Access information

Question 16

What types of sources fall under print sources?

Answer 16

Print sources include:
* Books
* Print journal articles
* Newspapers
* Magazines

Question 17

What additional details are required for online sources?

Answer 17

Online sources may require a DOI or URL and sometimes a date of access.

Question 18

What is a timestamp in audiovisual citations?

Answer 18

A timestamp indicates the specific point in a film or sound recording being cited.

Question 19

What should a proofreader do if encountering a citation error?

Answer 19

The proofreader should comment on the potential issue and ask the client to verify the citation.

Question 20

What is the main goal of all referencing systems?

Answer 20

The main goal is to ensure clarity and consistency so readers can find the sources used.

Question 21

What is the importance of clarity and consistency in referencing?

Answer 21

Clarity and consistency help readers locate sources and understand the citations used.

Question 22

What is an edited book?

Answer 22

An edited book features work by multiple authors, often requiring citations of individual chapters.

Question 23

True or False: A bibliography can include sources not cited in the main text.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: A reference list is a complete record of sources ______ in the main text.

Answer 24

cited

Question 25

What should a proofreader check regarding the client's chosen referencing style?

Answer 25

The proofreader should ensure that the document follows the rules of the chosen referencing style.

Question 26

What should you verify in the reference list formatting?

Answer 26

Line spacing and hanging indents ## Footnote Ensures that the reference list meets the specific requirements of the chosen referencing style.

Question 27

What components should be checked for correct order in reference entries?

Answer 27

Author, year, title, source type ## Footnote Different source types, such as books or journal articles, have distinct component orders.

Question 28

What is essential to ensure about in-text citations?

Answer 28

They are consistent and follow the referencing system's rules ## Footnote Consistency in citations helps maintain clarity and credibility in academic writing.

Question 29

True or False: It is the proofreader's job to add missing information in citations.

Answer 29

False ## Footnote The proofreader should only point out missing elements and not add new information.

Question 30

What should a proofreader do if there are inconsistencies in author names?

Answer 30

Flag the issue with a comment for the client ## Footnote Consistency in names is crucial for accurate referencing.

Question 31

What should you check regarding quotes?

Answer 31

Potential errors in spelling, punctuation, or grammar ## Footnote Any changes to quotes could lead to misinformation or plagiarism if not verified.

Question 32

What is a key consideration in dialect and referencing styles?

Answer 32

Punctuation and citation formats may differ ## Footnote Different style guides may have distinct rules based on regional dialects.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: Many publications have _______ referencing requirements.

Answer 33

[in-house variations] ## Footnote These may include specific adaptations of established referencing styles.

Question 34

What are some examples of in-house variations?

Answer 34

Citing Shakespeare's plays differently, starting bibliographies on a new page ## Footnote In-house variations can modify how established styles are applied.

Question 35

What should a proofreader do if they notice a missing year in a reference entry?

Answer 35

Leave a comment for the client to check and add the year ## Footnote Accuracy in citations is essential for academic integrity.

Question 36

What is a top tip regarding referencing styles?

Answer 36

Check for in-house variations on established systems ## Footnote This ensures compliance with specific requirements set by institutions.