Module 6.2: Commas Flashcards
What is a common misconception about commas?
A comma does not just indicate a pause.
This misconception arises from a simple guideline taught in schools.
What is the primary function of commas in writing?
Commas serve as a mark of separation.
What are nonrestrictive clauses?
Clauses that are not essential to the overall meaning of a sentence and are set off by commas.
Provide an example of a nonrestrictive clause.
The man, who was wearing a fez, cackled.
What is the difference between restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses?
Restrictive clauses are essential to the meaning of the sentence, while nonrestrictive clauses add extra information and are punctuated with commas.
How should the phrase ‘such as’ be punctuated when used restrictively?
No commas are used.
How should the phrase ‘such as’ be punctuated when used nonrestrictively?
It should be set apart with commas.
What is a parenthetical clause?
A clause that provides nonessential information and is set off by commas.
When should a comma be used after introductory words or phrases?
When a sentence begins with a conjunctive adverb or a short clause.
Is a comma required after short introductory phrases?
Not strictly, but it is a matter of stylistic preference.
What types of information can commas set off at the end of a sentence?
- Nonrestrictive clauses
- Examples
- Afterthoughts
- Contrasts or contrary details
When should a comma be used before a coordinating conjunction?
When it joins two independent clauses.
What is the acronym used to remember coordinating conjunctions?
FANBOYS.
When is a comma unnecessary before a subordinating conjunction?
When the dependent clause comes at the end of the sentence.
What is the acronym used to remember key subordinating conjunctions?
WABBITS.
What can indicate the need for a comma with a subordinating conjunction?
Ambiguity in meaning.
When should commas be used in lists?
To separate items in lists of three or more.
What is the Oxford comma?
A comma placed before the conjunction and final item in a list.
Is the use of the Oxford comma a matter of style?
Yes, it is typically a matter of stylistic preference.
What are coordinate adjectives?
Adjectives that modify a noun in a similar way or to a similar degree.
How can you test if adjectives are coordinate?
- Check standard adjective order
- Add ‘and’ between the adjectives
How are commas used to introduce quotations?
Commas are used after introductory words or phrases and after verbs like ‘says’ or ‘writes.’
What punctuation is commonly used to introduce a quotation?
Commas
Commas are typically used after introductory words or phrases, especially after verbs like ‘says’ or ‘writes’.
When is a comma not necessary when introducing a quote?
When the quote is incorporated grammatically into the rest of the sentence
For example, after the word ‘that’.
