Module 10.3: APA Referencing Flashcards
What is APA referencing?
A system set out in the American Psychological Association Publication Manual for citing sources in academic writing
Currently in its seventh edition, it covers stylistic guidelines ranging from formatting to word choice.
How does APA referencing differ from Harvard referencing?
APA is an author–date system, where sources are cited in parentheses in the text, and full publication information is provided in a reference list
Similar to Harvard referencing, but specific formatting rules apply.
What should you do before starting work on a document in APA style?
Check which edition your client is using
Important as the rules may vary between editions.
What is required when quoting a source directly in APA referencing?
A page number must be included
Example: (Borges, 1987, p. 45).
How should you cite a source with two authors in APA referencing?
Use ‘and’ between authors’ names in the text and ‘&’ in parentheses
Example: Clark and Cooper (1986) vs. (Clark & Cooper, 1986).
What is the format for citing sources with three or more authors in APA referencing?
Use the first author’s name followed by et al. in both text and parentheses
Example: Smith et al. (1999).
What is the writer’s responsibility regarding citations?
Include citations when quoting or paraphrasing a source
Every quotation should have a full citation.
What guidelines does APA provide for excessive citations in paraphrasing?
Excessive citations can be distracting; one citation for the first instance may suffice if the source is clear throughout
Example: Jetson (2015) argues… They also question…
What are the common rules for an APA reference list?
Start on a new page, title ‘References’, use hanging indent, list alphabetically, and use sentence case for titles
Specific formatting rules apply for different types of sources.
How should entries be formatted in an APA reference list?
Use a half-inch hanging indent and list entries alphabetically by author surname
Multiple works by the same author should be listed chronologically.
What is the format for citing books in an APA reference list?
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher.
Ebooks include a URL or DOI at the end.
How should journal articles be cited in an APA reference list?
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), page range.
DOI or URL is required for online articles.
What is the format for citing a webpage in an APA reference list?
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of webpage. Website Name. URL
Include date of access if content may vary.
What is required for citing republished works in APA referencing?
Both the original and most recent date of publication should be provided
Example: Smith, 1940/1992.
What is a useful tool for ensuring APA reference list accuracy?
Creating a checklist for spacing, ordering, capitalization, and italics
An APA (7th ed.) referencing companion can help build such a checklist.
