Module 51 (Anxiety Disorders) Flashcards
Stress
the process by which we perceive and respond to circumstances that we appraise as challenging
Anxiety
-excessive worries that persist even when there is no clear source for the anxiety or after the source of the anxiety is eliminated
-Having some anxiety is normal
Separation Anxiety Disorder
-an anxiety disorder that causes people to experience excessive fear or worry when separated from people or places they are attached to
-Prevalence:
-0.9-1.9% of US adults
-2-4% among US children
Separation Anxiety Disorder DSM5
-Developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety concerning separation from those whom the individual is attached
-Nightmares
-Refusal to leave attachment figures
-Temper tantrums
-Persistent worry of an unexpected event that could lead to separation
-Anxieties cause significant distress/impairment in other domains of life
Selective Mutism
-an anxiety disorder that makes it difficult for a person to speak in certain situations or around specific people
-0.03-1% prevalence in various clinic/school samples
Selective Mutism DSM5
-Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations in which there is an expectation for speaking (individual speaks in other situations)
-Disturbance interferes with educational/occupational/social achievement
-Duration > 1 month
-Failure to speak is not attributable to lack of knowledge of/comfort with spoken language required in social situation
-Disturbance not better explained by a communication disorder (childhood onset fluency disorder)
Specific Phobia
-an extreme fear of objects or situations that pose little or no danger but make you highly anxious
-7-9% in US
Specific Phobia DSM5
-Marked, persistent (> 6 months) fear of/anxiety about a specific situation/object
-The situation/object nearly always triggers immediate fear/anxiety
-Patients actively avoid the situation/object
-The fear/anxiety/avoidance cause significant distress/significant;y impair social/occupational functioning
Social Anxiety Disorder
-a chronic mental health condition that causes people to feel intense fear in social situations
-7% in US
-Around 0.5-2% in other parts of world
Social Anxiety Disorder DSM5
-Marked, persistent (> 6 months) fear of/anxiety about one or more social situations in which they may be scrutinized by others
-Fear must involve a negative evaluation by others (patients will be humiliated, embarrassed, rejected, or will offend others)
-The situation nearly always triggers immediate fear/anxiety
-Patients actively avoid the situation
-The fear/anxiety/avoidance cause significant distress/significantly impair social/occupational functioning
Agoraphobia
-an anxiety disorder that involves an intense fear of being in places or situations where escape might be difficult or help may not be available
-1.7% of adolescents and adults are diagnosed with agoraphobia every year
Agoraphobia DSM5
-Marked, persistent (> 6 months) fear of/anxiety about 2 or more of the following:
-Using public transportation
-Being in open spaces that have people in the (e.g. marketplace)
-Being in an enclosed space (e.g. shop, theatre)
-Standing in line or being in a crowd
-Being alone outside the home
Panic Disorder
-an anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms
-2-3% of US and European adults/adolescents
Panic disorder DSM5
-Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks, abrupt surge of intense fear/discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes
-Typical symptoms: palpitations, sweating, trembling, feelings of choking, fear of dying, etc.
-Persistent concern/worry about future panic attacks and their consequences
-Significant maladaptive change in behavior related to the attacks
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
-a mental disorder that causes people to experience excessive and persistent worry about everyday things
-0.9-2.9% among US adults
-0.4-3.6% in other countries
