Module 5- Photosynthesis

Question 1

what is the reversible reaction for photosynthesis/respiration?

Answer 1

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 2

explain the interrelationship between photosynthesis and respiration in organisms?

Question 3

what are the 8 components of the chloroplast?

Answer 3

outer+inner membrane, lamellae, grana, thylakoid, stroma, DNA, starch granule

Question 4

how is grana identified on a micrograph?

Answer 4

it appears darker as it is stacked thylakoid membrane

Question 5

what is the primary pigment for photosynthesis?

Answer 5

chlorophyll a

Question 6

how are the photosynthetic pigments arranged?

Answer 6

in photosystems

Question 7

in what type of organisms does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 7

autotrophic

Question 8

what membrane structure does a chloroplast have?

Answer 8

double membrane

Question 9

what fluid is a chloroplast filled with?

Answer 9

stroma

Question 10

what is the purpose of the accessory pigments?

Answer 10

to absorb different (a range) wavelengths of light to allow more energy from light to be passed to electrons

Question 11

what are the accessory pigments?

Answer 11

carotenoids, chlorophyll B

Question 12

what are the two carotenoids?

Answer 12

xanthophyll and beta carotene

Question 13

PAG- why do you have to make sure the dot dries before re applying?

Answer 13

to make it more concentrated

Question 14

PAG- what are some precautions that should be taken during chromatography?

Question 15

what are the two differences between non-cyclic phosphorylation and cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 15

-Cyclic photophosphorylation only involves photosystem I (whereas non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves photosystems I and II)

-Cyclic photophosphorylation does not produce reduced NADP (whereas non-cyclic photophosphorylation does)

Question 16

where are the photosynthetic pigments found?

Answer 16

photosystems in the thylakoid membrane

Question 17

what wavelength of light does β carotene absorb?

Answer 17

orange

Question 18

what wavelength of light does xanthophyll absorb?

Answer 18

yellow

Question 19

what wavelength of light does Chlorophyll a absorb?

Answer 19

blue-green

Question 20

what wavelength of light does Chlorophyll b absorb?

Answer 20

yellow-green

Question 21

what light do chlorophylls reflect?

Answer 21

green

Question 22

where does the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis take place?

Answer 22

in the thylakoid

Question 23

where does the light-independent stage take place?

Answer 23

in the stroma

Question 24

what happens during the light dependent stage of photosynthesis?

Answer 24

Reduced NADP is produced when hydrogen ions combine with the carrier molecule NADP using electrons from the photolysis of water
ATP is produced from ADP and Pi by ATP synthase in a process called photophosphorylation (ADP + Pi → ATP)
Photophosphorylation uses the proton (H+) gradient generated by the photolysis of water
Energy from ATP and hydrogen from reduced NADP are passed from the light-dependent stage to the light-independent stage of photosynthesis

Question 25

what is NADP?

Answer 25

acts as final electron acceptor & is reduced

Question 26

what are the 3 limiting factors of photosynthesis?

Answer 26

Light intensity
Carbon dioxide concentration
Temperature

Question 27

what is a limiting factor?

Answer 27

the factor that will limit the rate of photosynthesis increasing

Question 28

what is the photolysis of water?

Answer 28

2H2O → O2 + 4e- + 4H+

Question 29

what is the first electron donor in cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 29

photosystem 1

Question 30

what is the last electron donor in cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 30

photosystem 1

Question 31

what is the last electron donor in non-cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 31

NADP

Question 32

what is the first electron donor in non-cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 32

water

Question 33

why isn’t water a limiting factor?

Answer 33

water shortages usually affect other processes before affecting photosynthesis therefore isn’t one of the main limiting factors

Question 34

why does the rate of photosynthesis increase if temperature increases?

Answer 34

the reaction is controlled by enzymes