Module 4- Communicable Diseases Flashcards
how can bacteria be classified?
basic shapes, cell walls
what are the basic shapes of bacteria?
rod, spherical, comma, spiral, corkscrew
how can bacterial cell walls be identified?
Gram staining
what colour does gram-positive bacteria go when stained?
purple-blue e.g. MRSA
what colour does gram-negative bacteria go when stained?
red e.g. E.coli
why is gram staining useful?
type of cell wall affects how bacteria react to different antibiotics
what is the mode of action for bacteria?
produce toxins that poison/damage host cells:
break down cell membranes, inactivate enzymes, interfere with host genetic material=prevention of cell division
what pathogen causes ring rot?
bacteria
what species does ring rot effect?
leaves, tubers and fruit of potatoes and tomatoes
what pathogen causes tuberculosis?
bacteria
what species does TB effect?
humans, cows, pigs, badgers, deer
what is the mode of action of TB?
-damages+destroys lung tissue
-suppresses immune system∴prevents body from fighting other diseases
how do plants protect themselves from disease?
bark, waxy cuticle layer, cellulose wall- act as barriers
what does the meristem allow the plant to do?
seal of diseased tissue and sacrifice it as they are continually growing and can replace damaged parts.
what is an autoimmune disease?
one where the immune system mistakenly identifies your own cells as foreign cells rather than self cells
