Module 2- Nucleotides and nucleic acids

Question 1

what is a nucleotide composed of?

Answer 1

pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group(s)

Question 2

what are the differences between RNA and DNA nucleotides?

Answer 2

-RNA has a ribose sugar whereas DNA has a deoxyribose sugar
-RNA does not have the base thymine, instead it uses uracil
-RNA is single stranded, DNA is double

Question 3

what bases are purines and what is the structure of a purine?

Answer 3

Adenine and guanine are purines: they have a double ring structure

Question 4

what bases are pyrimidines and what is the structure of a pyrimidine?

Answer 4

Cytosine, thymine and uracil are pyrimidines: they have a single ring structure

Question 5

what bond hold the bases together?

Answer 5

hydrogen

Question 6

which enzyme unzips

Question 7

how are nucleotides linked together?

Answer 7

by condensation reactions forming phosphodiester bonds

Question 8

how is ATP structured?

Answer 8

ribose sugar, 3 phosphates, adenine base

Question 9

how and what is ATP broken down into?

Answer 9

by hydrolysis it is broken down into ADP, an inorganic phosphate (Pi) and energy