Module 5 IQ1: Reproduction

Question 1

what is asexual reproduction?

Answer 1

process of forming a genetically identical organism to the parent via cell division

Question 2

advantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 2

1. simple and efficient. does not require a mate.
2. does not require a lot of time and energy.
3. rapid and prolific growth in stable environments.

Question 3

disadvantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 3

1. lack of genetic variation
2. overcrowding and increased competition
3. heavily reliant on ideal environment conditions

Question 4

what is sexual reproduction?

Answer 4

process of forming a genetically unique organism from the fusion of male and female gametes

Question 5

advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 5

1. increased genetic variation
2. superior genes and traits passed to offspring
3. can survive in non-stable, volatile environments

Question 6

disadvantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 6

1. energy is required to find a mate
2. fewer offspring produced
3. parental care is difficult after birth for some organisms

Question 7

asexual reproduction examples in ANIMALS

Answer 7

fragmentation, parthenogenesis

Question 8

asexual reproduction examples in PLANTS

Answer 8

vegetative propagation -> specialised features that allow them to reproduce

Question 9

examples of vegetative propagation

Answer 9

runners, rhizomes, bulbs, tubers, stolons

Question 10

sexual reproduction in PLANTS

Answer 10

pollination -> transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma

Question 11

types of pollination

Answer 11

self and cross

Question 12

ways that pollination can occur

Answer 12

wind & animal

Question 13

what is internal fertilisation?

Answer 13

fusion of gametes inside the female’s reproductive tract

Question 14

advantages of internal fertilisation

Answer 14

1. increased likelihood of fertilisation
2. less gametes need to be produced
3. protected from predation, disease, changing environment
4. can occur anywhere

Question 15

disadvantages of internal fertilisation

Answer 15

1. less offspring produced
2. slower reproductive rate
3. requires more energy
4. increased chance of STD

Question 16

what is external fertilisation?

Answer 16

fusion of gametes outside the female’s reproductive tract, usually in water

Question 17

advantages of external fertilisation

Answer 17

1. rapid and prolific
2. no energy expendage for gestation and parental care
3. preventation of desiccation

Question 18

disadvantages of external fertilisation

Answer 18

1. low chance of fertilisation
2. not protected from prey and disease
3. no parental care, exposure to predation, decrease in survival