module 5 - Cell Metabolism

Question 1

energy

Answer 1

capacity to cause change and do work

Question 2

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

total amount of energy is always the same

Question 3

photosynthesis

Answer 3

process that converts electromagnetic energy in sunlight to chemical-bon energy

Question 4

cellular respiration

Answer 4

extracts energy from organic molecules by oxidation

Question 5

oxidation

Answer 5

addition of oxygen atoms (removal of electrons from an atom)

Question 6

reduction

Answer 6

addition of electrons to an atom

Question 7

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 7

degree of disorder can only increase

Question 8

when does disorder increase

Answer 8

when useful energy is dissipated as heat

Question 9

how can chemical reactions produce disorder in 2 ways?

Answer 9

decrease amount of order in cell

changes can cause heat to be released

Question 10

exergonic

Answer 10

reaction with negative charge (releases)

Question 11

endergonic

Answer 11

reaction with positive change (absorbs)

Question 12

what stores and transfers energy in a form that cells can use

Answer 12

activated carriers (transferable chemical group)

Question 13

what are the most important activated carriers?

Answer 13

ATP, NADH and NADPH

Question 14

how is ATP synthesized

Answer 14

phosphate group is added to ADP

Question 15

enzymes act as _____ and _______ (high/lower)activation energy?

Answer 15

catalysts and lower AE

Question 16

lowering the activation energy greatly increases what?

Answer 16

probability that a reaction will occur

Question 17

what does a series of enzyme catalyzed reactions form?

Answer 17

metabolic pathway

Question 18

metabolism

Answer 18

sum total of all chemical reactions inside cell

Question 19

2 groups of metabolism pathways?

Answer 19

catabolic and anabolic

Question 20

catabolic process of

Answer 20

cellular respiration

Question 21

anabolic process of

Answer 21

photosynthesis