module 1 - introduction

Question 1

which organisms need to keep their internal environment stable?

Answer 1

multicellular

Question 1

characteristics shared among living things

Answer 1

1. cellular structure
2. growth
3. development
4. reproduction
5. metabolism

Question 2

organisms share which characteristics?

Answer 2

1. carbs
2. chemical cellularity
3. genetic info (all store info in DNA)

Question 3

where is genetic info stored in?

Answer 3

nucleic acids

Question 4

how many amino acids produce proteins?

Answer 4

20

Question 5

what are the same 6 elements for organisms

Answer 5

C H N O S P

Question 6

what are the same 7 chemical groups for organisms

Answer 6

1. methyl
2. ethyl
3. carboxyl
4. carbonyl
5. phosphoryl
6. amino
7. thiol

Question 7

what are the 3 domain systems

Answer 7

bacteria, archaea and eukarya

Question 8

history of life on earth?

Answer 8

4.6 billion years ago

Question 9

what were important steps for evolution?

Answer 9

1. nucleic acids because they could reproduce themselves and serve as templates for the synthesis of proteins
2. enclosure of bio molecules by membranes composed of fatty acids (make liposomes)

Question 10

when did cellular structure evolve?

Answer 10

common ancestor of life

Question 11

what do fatty acids make

Answer 11

spherical structures = liposomes

Question 12

what changes earth’s atmosphere

Answer 12

photosynthetic organisms

Question 13

is aerobic or anaerobic more efficient than anaerobic metabolism in extracting energy from nutrient molecules?

Answer 13

aerobic

Question 14

what is the endosymbiotic theory

Answer 14

origin of eukaryotic cells where eukaryotes emerged from prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea)

Question 15

what do biochemical reactions break down?

Answer 15

nutrient molecules

Question 16

what does chemical breakdown produce?

Answer 16

building blocks for structures and energy for cell works (mechanical, biochemical and electrical)

Question 17

what doe

Answer 17

1. Cellular organization
2. the ability to reproduce
3. growth & development
4. energy use
5. homeostasis
6. response to their environment
7. the ability to adapt

Question 18

what does homeostasis require

Answer 18

cell activity regulation

Question 19

what does regulation require

Answer 19

internal and external info

Question 20

what are the major info systems of animals?

Answer 20

nervous, hormonal, and immune systems

Question 21

what do animals use to process info?

Answer 21

chemical and electric signals

Question 22

genetic info flows from DNA to ???? to ????

Answer 22

RNA to Protein

Question 23

all DNA in a cell has a ????

Answer 23

genome

Question 24

gene expression involves ????? and ?????

Answer 24

transcription (RNA synthesis) and translation (protein synthesis)

Question 25

do all the cells of a multicellular organism have the same genome?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

harmful mutations examples?

Answer 26

cancer, disorder and deformities

Question 27

beneficial mutations examples?

Answer 27

polyploidy (extra set of chromosomes)
resistance to chemicals and diseases
evolution

Question 28

what accounts for the evolution of biodiversity?

Answer 28

natural selection

Question 29

binomial name parts?

Answer 29

genus, species

Question 30

two types of experiments?

Answer 30

comparative and controlled

Question 31

what are comparative experiments?

Answer 31

collecting and comparing data from 2 or more groups

Question 32

what are controlled experiments?

Answer 32

a critical factor is affecting a phenomenon

Question 33

manipulated group is called?

Answer 33

experimental

Question 34

unmanipulated group is called?

Answer 34

control