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Anatomy > Module 4B: Axial Muscles > Flashcards

Module 4B: Axial Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

How many muscles are in the neck?

A

1

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2
Q

What muscle is in the neck?

A

sternocleidomastoid

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3
Q

What is the OIA of the sternocleidomastoid

A

O: Clavicle, Sternum (from manubrium)

I: Mastoid process of the temporal bone

Action:
- lateral flexion of head and neck L or R
- Head rotation
- neck flexion (chin to chest)

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4
Q

How many muscles are in the trunk?

A

4

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5
Q

What are the muscles in the trunk?

A
  1. Iliocostalis (thoracic & lumbar)
  2. Longissium (thoracic & lumbar)
  3. Spinalis (thoracic & lumbar)
  4. Quadratus lumborum
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6
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the iliocostails, Longissium and Spinalis?

A

O: iliac crest, sacrum, lumbar and lower thoracic spinous process

I: ribs, transverse/spinous process of cervical/thoracic vertebrae

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7
Q

What is another name for the trunk muscles?

A

Erector spinae muscle group

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8
Q

What does pars thoracic entail?

A

these muscles have the greatest mechanical advantage due to having the longest moment arms

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9
Q

What does pars lumborum entail?

A

muscles can resist the forward movement of the trunk when we tip forward

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10
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Quadratus lumborum?

A

O: iliac crest

I: inferior border of rib 12, L1-L4

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11
Q

Where is the Quadratus lumborum found?

A

deep to abdominal and erector spinae muscles

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12
Q

How many thorax muscles are there?

A

4

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13
Q

What are the muscles that make up the thorax?

A
  1. External intercostals
  2. Internal intercostals
  3. Innermost intercostals
  4. Diaphram
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14
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the External intercostals?

A

O: rib above (superior)

I: rib below (inferior)

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15
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Internal intercostals?

A

O: rib above (superior)

I: rib below (inferior)

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16
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Inner intercostals?

A

O: rib above (superior)

I: rib below (inferior)

17
Q

What is the order superficial to Depp of the intercostal muscles?

A

SUPERFICIAL: external intercostals - internal intercostals - innermost intercostals : DEEP

18
Q

Which directions do the muscle fibres of the external intercostal muscles go?

A

runs down and forward from rib above to rib below \

19
Q

Which directions do the internal and innermost intercostal muscle fibres go?

A

runs up and back from rib below to rib above /

20
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Diaphragm?

A

O: lumbar vertebrae, inferior ribs, xiphoid process

I: central tendon

21
Q

How many abdominal muscles are there?

A

4

22
Q

What are the abdominal muscles?

A
  1. Rectus abdominis
  2. External obliques
  3. Internal obliques
  4. Transverse obliques
23
Q

What are the 3 things abdominal muscles perform?

A
  • trunk flexion
  • antagonist to the erector spinal muscle group
  • support trunk and protect organs
24
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the rectus abdominis?

A

O: pubis bone

I: xiphoid process, lower ribs
- increases intra-abdominal pressure

25
Q

The rectus abdominis is a ___ pack?

A

8 pack

26
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the external obliques?

A

O: the outer surface of the ribs

I: linea alba, inguinal ligament

27
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the internal obliques?

A

O: lumbar fascia, iliac crest

I: linea alba, lower ribs

28
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the transverse obliques?

A

O: lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament

I: linea alba

29
Q

What is intra-abdominal pressure?

A

provides postural support and pushes abs in when contracting

30
Q

What is the order superficial to Depp of the intercostal muscles?

A

SUPERFICIAL: external obliques, internal obliques, transverse obliques : DEEP

31
Q

Which direction do the muscle fibres of the external obliques go?

A

fibres move down and forward /

32
Q

Which direction do the muscle fibres of the internal obliques go?

A

fibres move down and backwards \

33
Q

Which direction do the muscle fibres of the horizontal obliques go?

A

fibres run horizontally

34
Q

Which 4 muscles cause back extension?

A
  • illocostails
  • longissium
  • spinalis
  • quadratus lumborum
35
Q

What are the 4 muscles that cause lateral extension of the back

A
  • illocostails
  • longissium
  • spinalis
  • quadratus lumborum
36
Q

Which 2 muscles cause inspiration?

A
  • external intercostals
  • diaphragm
37
Q

Which 2 muscles cause expiration?

A
  • internal intercostals
  • inner most intercostals
38
Q

Which 3 muscles cause trunk flexion?

A
  • rectus abdominus
  • external obliques
  • internal obliques
39
Q

Which 2 muscles cause lateral flexion and trunk rotation?

A
  • external obliques
  • internal obliques

Anatomy (11 decks)

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