MODULE 4A: Muscular Terminology Flashcards
What does Myo / Mys mean?
muscle
Muscle fiber are made up of what?
a muscle cell (either skeletal or smooth)
True or False?
Muscle fiber are called fibers because they are elongated?
True
True or False?
Cardiac muscle cells are not elongated!!1
True
Muscle tissue converts what kind of energy to another?
chemical energy (ATP) to mechanical energy
True or False?
muscle tissue is the only kind of tissue that converts chemical energy to mechanical energy?
True
What are the 3 types of muscle tissues?
- Smooth
- has long muscle fibers
- uninucleate - Cardiac
- makes up heart walls - Skeletal
- attaches to bones to move them to resist the movement
What is an example of smooth muscles
internal organs
- inside walls of organs
- in the bladder
- in the blood vessels
What is an example of cardiac muscles
heart
- ONLY IN THE HEART
What is an example of skeletal muscles
- legs
What is peristalsis?
it is a slow wave motion that allows time for absorption, while still squeezing the material through the organ
Smooth muscle is controlled by which system?
autonomic nervous system which is involuntary
How is the smooth muscle organized?
diagonally, elongated, not striated
True of False
Typically a single neuron can reach more muscle fibers vs skeletal
True
How is the cardiac muscle organized?
not elongated, striated
Cardiac muscle is controlled by which system?
autonomic nervous system which is involuntary
What is autorhythmicity?
the ability to repeated generate spontaneous action potentials for each beat of our heart
How does cardiac muscles contracts as one?
via the cells being highly interconnected
Skeletal muscle is controlled by which system?
somatic nervous system, consciously controlled
The muscle fibers from the outer skeletal muscle surronding it contains?
Epineysium
What surronds our fascicles or bundles of muscle fibers?
perimysium
What surronds the muscle fibers that are made up of myofibrils (aka filaments of the muscles)
Endomysium
Do we have a rich blood supply to skeletal muscle? why or why not?
Yes we do, because the blood supply is to each muscle fiber, and we work hard carrying more oxygen and nutrients in the blood stream
Why does each muscle fiber include a nerve ending?
because we cannot contract without nervous stimulation
What are the 2 components of a single skeletal muscle fiber? and their purpose?
- Sarcomeres: repeating bands and contractile unit of skeletal muscle
- run from z-line/disc to z-line/disc - Myofilaments (thick and thin): they bind to each other to shorten the sarcomere
- causes the striations
- makes the muscles look striped
What happens when a muscle hypertophes?
- muscle fibers muscle cells will each get a little bit larger
- they can get more sacromeres
What is myofibril?
single contractile fiber in muscle fiber
what are myofilaments?
thin and thick filaments that bind to each other and shorten the sarcomere